ATTENTION BIBLE STUDENTS:

My translation of this book from the original languages is provided below. Everything inside brackets is commentary that is meant to assist the reader in understanding certain doctrines and concepts germaine to the context.

 

1 Cor. 1:1 Paul, called [sovereignly appointed] an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Sosthenes, our brother,                           

                          

1 Cor. 1:2 To the assembly of God [communion of souls] which is at Corinth, to those who have been sanctified in the past with the result that they will continue to be sanctified forever [eternal security] in Christ Jesus, called [elect] saints, including all those [outside of Corinth] who have called upon the Person of our Lord Jesus Christ in every location, theirs [remote regions] and ours [local vicinity],                                                   

1 Cor. 1:3 Grace [positional sanctification] to you and prosperity [experiential sanctification] from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.                          

                          

1 Cor. 1:4 I keep on thanking my God always on your behalf, with respect for the grace [positional sanctification] of God [the Father] which was given to you [not acquired, not deserved] in Christ Jesus,                                                

1 Cor. 1:5 So that you might be enriched [experiential sanctification] by Him [Jesus Christ] in all things [all categories of spiritual prosperity], by means of every word [doctrinal precept] and every category of knowledge [doctrinal principle],                         

                       

1 Cor. 1:6 To the degree that [their experiential sanctification measures up to their positional sanctification] the objective proof concerning Christ [that He lives and functions in believers today] has been confirmed in you [we are witnesses for the prosecution against satan],                       

                      

1 Cor. 1:7 So that you do not fall short in any grace gift [manifestation of spiritual maturity] while waiting expectantly for the revelation [at the rapture] of our Lord Jesus Christ,                      

                     

1 Cor. 1:8 Who shall also confirm [ultimate sanctification] you unto the end [of the Church Age dispensation], beyond reproach on the day [rapture] of our Lord Jesus Christ.                     

                    

1 Cor. 1:9 God is faithful [guarantees our eternal security], through Whom you were called into the fellowship [positional & experiential] of His Son, Jesus Christ our Lord.                     

                   

1 Cor. 1:10 Now I exhort you, brethren, through the name [Person] of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you may all speak the same thing [divine viewpoint] and that there may not be divisions among you, but that you might be perfectly united [filled with the Spirit] with the same mind [saturated with Bible doctrine] and with the same opinion [sharing divine viewpoint].                   

                  

1 Cor. 1:11 For it was communicated to me concerning you, my brethren, by those [stable family members] related to Chloe [an objective woman], that there are factions [pseudo-spiritual cliques] among you.                  

                 

1 Cor. 1:12 Now I will speak on this [subject matter: personality cults], that each of you is saying: On the one hand, I am for Paul [simple & direct form of teaching]; on another hand, I for Apollos [philosophical & oratorical form of teaching]; on another hand, I for Cephas [possibly a group of Jewish legalists]; on another hand, I for Christ [holier-than-thou crowd].                 

                

1 Cor. 1:13 Has Christ been divided? Was Paul crucified on your behalf? Or were you baptized unto the name of Paul?                

               

1 Cor. 1:14 I thank God [continuing his sarcasm] that I baptized none of you except Crispus and Gaius.               

              

1 Cor. 1:15 So that no one may say [irrelevant claim] that you have been baptized unto my name.                              

1 Cor. 1:16 On the contrary, I also baptized the household of Stephanas. Beyond that, I do not know if I baptized any others.              

             

1 Cor. 1:17 For Christ did not send me to baptize, but to continually proclaim the good news, not with clever [philosophical, mystical] sayings [epigrams, sophistry], so that as a result the cross of Christ could be deprived of true meaning [rendered inconsequential],            

            

1 Cor. 1:18 For, on the one hand, the message concerning the cross is foolishness [moronic] to those [unbelievers] who are perishing, but on the other hand, to us [believers] who have been saved, it is the [effective] power of God.           

           

1 Cor. 1:19 For it has been written: I will destroy the cleverness [philosophical, psychological, mystical concepts] of the wise and will render useless the understanding [human viewpoint] of the intelligent [educated].           

          

1 Cor. 1:20 Where is the wise man [professional philosopher]? Where is the scribe [traditional religious leader]? Where is the skillful debater from this age [world order]? Hasn't God rendered foolish [moronic] the cleverness of the cosmic system [human & satanic viewpoint]?         

         

1 Cor. 1:21 For, since the world did not acquire the knowledge of God by wisdom [both rationalism & empiricism failed to comprehend Him], God, in His divine wisdom, was pleased through the foolishness of preaching [not the act, but the substance] to save those who believed [by grace through faith].        

        

1 Cor. 1:22 Since, indeed, the Jews [locked into empiricism] continually require a sign [miraculous event] and the Greeks [locked into rationalism] continually seek wisdom [human viewpoint],        

        

1 Cor. 1:23 But we preach the Christ Who was crucified: on the one hand, a stumblingblock to the Jews, on the other hand, foolishness to the Gentiles,      

      

1 Cor. 1:24 But to those, the elect ones, both Jews and Greeks: Christ is the power [omnipotence] of God, and the wisdom [omniscience] of God,       

     

1 Cor. 1:25 Because the foolish [but omniscient] act of God [the cross] continues to be wiser than men, and the weakness [but omnipotence] of God continues to be stronger than men.     

    

1 Cor. 1:26 For consider your election [effectual calling by God], brethren, that there are not many wise men [rationalists] according to the flesh, not many powerful [empiricists], not many highborn [noble social status],    

   

1 Cor. 1:27 But God has chosen for Himself [divine election] the foolish individuals of the world [omniscience chooses what rationalism would reject], so that He might put to shame the wise; and God has chosen for Himself the weak individuals of the world [omnipotence chooses what empiricism would reject], so that He might put to shame the strong,  

  

1 Cor. 1:28 And insignificant individuals of the world [obscure ancestry] and individuals who are despised [held in contempt], God has chosen for Himself individuals who are not [contemptible nobodies], so that He might annul the individuals which are [esteemed by man's standards], 

 

1 Cor. 1:29 So that no flesh of any kind shall boast in the presence of God. 

 

1 Cor. 1:30 But you [royal family of God], out from Him [God the Father chose you], are in Christ Jesus [positional truth], Who, by God [the Father], became wisdom for us [substitution] - as well as righteousness and sanctification and redemption,

 

1 Cor. 1:31 So that, just as it is written: He who makes it a habit to boast [in man's imagined ability], make it a habit to boast in the Lord [sovereign grace].

 

1 Cor. 2:1 I also [in the same manner as Christ and His disciples], brethren, when I came face-to-face to you, did not come with high-sounding speech [rhetoric] or wisdom [philosophical argument], when I proclaimed to you the testimony of God.              

              

1 Cor. 2:2 For I was determined not to know [preach] anything [other religious teachings] among you, except Jesus Christ [Christology is pivotal], and Him crucified.              

             

1 Cor. 2:3 Instead I came face-to-face to you in weakness [poor physical health] and with fear [inward emotion] and with great trembling [nervous self-effacement].             

            

1 Cor. 2:4 Moreover, my message and my delivery were not with persuasive [sophistry] words of wisdom [philosophy from the cosmic system], but in the demonstration [filling] of the Spirit and of [delegated divine] power:           

           

1 Cor. 2:5 That your doctrine [foundation] should not be located in the wisdom of men [human viewpoint], but in the power of God [divine viewpoint].          

          

1 Cor. 2:6 In view of the arguments previously advanced, we make it a practice to communicate wisdom [advanced doctrine] among mature ones, but not wisdom [human viewpoint] from this age [world order], nor from the rulers of this age [Church Age dispensation], who will be rendered ineffective [nullified],

        

1 Cor. 2:7 Not only this [teaching advanced doctrine to mature believers], but we also communicate the wisdom of God [divine viewpoint] in a mystery, which was hidden [kept secret], which God ordained from the ages [in eternity past] for our honor [for our study and application],        

        

1 Cor. 2:8 Which [mystery doctrine] none of those in a position of authority from this age [politicians and chief rulers during the dispensation of the Hypostatic Union] understood, for if they had understood, they might not have crucified the Lord [deity of Christ] of glory,       

       

1 Cor. 2:9 But [in contrast to those who crucified Christ] in the same manner [hidden as a mystery doctrine], it was written: "Things the eye has not seen, nor the ear heard [beyond empiricism], nor has entered into the mentality of man [beyond rationalism], these things [blessings of maturity] God has prepared for those [mature believers] who love Him."      

      

1 Cor. 2:10 However [as opposed to a mystery which is never understood], God has revealed [through His Word] these [blessings in escrow] to us [believers who are growing in grace and knowledge] through His Spirit, for the Spirit searches [scrutinizes] all things [doctrinal truths], even the deep things [advanced doctrine] of God.     

     

1 Cor. 2:11 For what man can comprehend [failure of rationalism] the things [absolute doctrines] concerning man without the spirit of man [human spirit as the staging area for the indwelling of the Holy Spirit] which is in him? And it follows that no one can understand the things of God [doctrine as spiritual phenomenon] without the Spirit which is from God.    

    

1 Cor. 2:12 However, we have received, not the spirit [satanic] from the cosmic system, but the Spirit from God, so that we might come to know [by studying the Word] the things [doctrine of rewards] which have been provided to us from God,   

   

1 Cor. 2:13 Which [doctrines of rewards] we also make it a practice to communicate, not by doctrines [counterfeit teachings] from anthropocentric wisdom [human viewpoint philosophy & psychology], but taught by the Spirit [divine viewpoint], Who explains [interprets] spiritual phenomenon [Biblical truths] by spiritual means [precise methodology],  

  

1 Cor. 2:14 But the soulish man [non-elect, unbeliever] cannot [does not have the machinery] accept things [doctrines] from the Spirit of God, since He [the existence of the Spirit] is foolishness to him; as a matter of fact, he does not have the power [spiritual capacity] to understand, because He [the Holy Spirit] is spiritually discerned. 

 

1 Cor. 2:15 But the spiritual person [elect, indwelled by the Spirit] may discern all kinds [categories] of things [doctrines], yet he himself may be legitimately criticized [evaluated] by no one.

 

1 Cor. 2:16 For who has known [by listening & studying the Word] the mind of the Lord [Old Testament canon] who could instruct Him? However, we may keep on thinking [acquiring] the mind of Christ [the Bible is His mind revealed to man].

 

1 Cor. 3:1 But I, brethren, have not been able to communicate to you as spiritual believers [possessing a degree of maturity], but as carnal believers [apostates or reversionists], as babes [still nursing] in Christ [positional truth is all they have going for them].                    

                    

1 Cor. 3:2 I have given you milk [basic doctrine] to drink, not meat [advanced doctrine which sustains the soul], for you were not yet capable [spiritually weaned]. Indeed, neither are you capable now,                   

                   

1 Cor. 3:3 For you are still carnal [either apostate or reversionist]. For while jealousy [envy] and strife [bickering] are among you, are you not carnal, i.e., ordering your behavior according to the [inferior] standards of man [by human instead of divine viewpoint]?                  

                  

1 Cor. 3:4 For when one person might claim, on the one hand, "I myself am with Paul," on the other hand, another, "I myself with Apollos," are you not men [behaving as unbelievers]?                     

1 Cor. 3:5 Who is Apollos, anyway, and who is Paul? Ministering servants [as opposed to famous men], through whom you have believed, even as the Lord has provided for each man [every believer hears the gospel from someone].                

                

1 Cor. 3:6 I myself have planted [the initial Gospel seeds], Apollos has watered [complimented his message of Truth], but God caused it to grow.               

               

1 Cor. 3:7 So then, neither the person who plants [evangelical function] nor the person who waters [pastor-teacher function] amounts to anything of importance; on the contrary, God is the One Who provides the increase.              

              

1 Cor. 3:8 Now the person who plants and the person who waters are one [on the same team], but each man will receive his own reward according to his own labor [fulfillment of his spiritual gift],          

1 Cor. 3:9 For we [those with communication gifts] are God's fellow-workers [pastors, teachers, evangelists]. You are God's cultivated field [barren land with planted seeds], God's building [edification structure].             

            

1 Cor. 3:10 According to the standard of the grace of God which was given [entrusted] to me, as a chief contractor [engineer], I have laid the foundation [brought in new converts through evangelism], but another of the same kind [pastor-teacher] continues to build upon it [by studying and teaching the Word]. But let each person consider carefully how [inhale doctrine, exhale application] he builds upon it [the foundation].            

            

1 Cor. 3:11 For no man has the power to lay another of the same kind of [unique] foundation that the one which was laid [at the Cross], which is Jesus Christ [His person, work & doctrine].           

          

1 Cor. 3:12 Now, whether any man builds upon [constructs in his soul] this foundation [doctrinal structure] with gold, silver, precious stones [3 positive production categories], wood, hay, stubble [3 negative production categories],          

         

1 Cor. 3:13 The production [divine or human good] of each man will be made manifest, for the day [Judgment Seat of Christ] shall declare it, because it [our production] shall be revealed by fire [divine standards]; moreover, the fire [divine standards] shall examine the production of each man, whatever type [divine or human good] it may be.         

        

1 Cor. 3:14 If anyone's production which was intended to be building material [for the structure in his soul] remains [only gold, silver, precious stones], he shall receive a reward.         

       

1 Cor. 3:15 If anyone's production shall be burned [only wood, hay, stubble], he will suffer loss [of reward], nevertheless, he himself shall be delivered, but so as by fire.      

      

1 Cor. 3:16 Don't you understand that you are a spiritual house [human spirit as the inner sanctuary] of God, and that the Spirit of God dwells in you?      

     

1 Cor. 3:17 If anyone [false teachers] makes it a practice to corrupt [lead astray] the spiritual house of God [both individual and corporate], God will discipline him, for the spiritual house of God [individual and corporate] is spiritual [set apart positionally], which very kind you are.    

    

1 Cor. 3:18 Let no one deceive himself [by accepting a pseudo-spiritual system]; if anyone seems [by appearances] to be wise among you in this age [by the world's standards during the Church Age dispensation], let him become [by his own devices] a fool [under divine discipline] so that he might become wise [obtain God's true wisdom].   

   

1 Cor. 3:19 For the wisdom [human system of works] of this world is foolishness before God. Indeed, it has been written: "Since He [God the Father] always traps the clever in their craftiness."  

  

1 Cor. 3:20 And again: "The Lord [Jesus Christ] always knows the motives of the clever [pseudo-spiritual], that they are empty." 

 

1 Cor. 3:21 Therefore, stop boasting in men [don't follow personalities], for everything [the wealth of Bible doctrine] is yours:

 

1 Cor. 3:22 Whether Paul, or Apollos, or Cephas, or the world, or life, or death, or things which are present, or things which are coming: all are yours,

 

1 Cor. 3:23 And you are Christ's and Christ is God's [the Father].

 

1 Cor. 4:1 So let a man consider us [those in positions of authority] as servants [ministers] of Christ and stewards [administrators] of the mysteries [hidden doctrines] of God.                   

                  

1 Cor. 4:2 In this connection [concerning mystery doctrines], it is expected in the sphere of stewardship [those with comunication gifts], that a man be found faithful [conscientious in studying and teaching the Word].                  

                 

1 Cor. 4:3 But as concerns me, it is insignificant that I might be judged by you [by his own congregation] or by a human court [public opinion]; neither will I judge myself [ministerial self-evaluation].                 

                

1 Cor. 4:4 For I am aware of nothing [legitimate criticism] against myself, but anyway, I am not declared righteous by this [lack of legitimate criticism doesn't excuse him]; on the contrary, He Who will judge me [legitimate right] is the Lord.                

               

1 Cor. 4:5 Therefore, stop judging anything before the time when the Lord returns [at the rapture], Who will both bring to light [reveal] the hidden thoughts [secret things] from the blackout of the soul [inner darkness], and will disclose the intents [thoughts] of our mentality; and then commendation [rewards] may be received by each person from God.              

               

1 Cor. 4:6 Moreover, these things, brethren, I have applied towards myself and Apollos on your behalf, so that you [as students] might learn by us [as teachers] nothing [no philosophy, psychology, system of legalism] beyond what was written [in the canon of Scripture], so that not one among you becomes arrogant against [bad mouthing] another of a different kind [another minister].             

             

1 Cor. 4:7 For who considers you superior [distinguished above others]? And what do you possess that you have not received? Moreover, if you indeed received it, why do you continue [in ego lust] as though you did not receive it?            

            

1 Cor. 4:8 Are you already fully content [satiated]? Are you already spiritually prosperous, reigning like kings without us [surpassing their teachers in such short time]? (As a matter of fact, I truly wish you did reign [but I know you aren't even close], so that we might also reign together [share in your blessings] with you).             

           

1 Cor. 4:9 For I conclude that God [the Father] brought us forth [in the middle of the arena], the last apostles [an office that will no longer be needed in the near future], to be sentenced to death [like gladiators in the ring], so that we might become a spectacle to the world [unbelievers] and to angels and to men [carnal believers].           

          

1 Cor. 4:10 We [gladiator apostles] are foolish on behalf of Christ, but you [Corinthian spectators] are wise [sanctified sarcasm] in Christ; we [gladiators] are weak, but you [spectators] are strong; you [spectators] are honored, but we [gladiators] are dishonored.         

         

1 Cor. 4:11 Up to the present hour, we [gladiator apostles] both hunger and thirst, and are dressed in rags, and are beaten, and are homeless,         

        

1 Cor. 4:12 And grow weary, constantly working [Greeks despised manual labor] with our own hands [self-supporting]; although we are continually cursed, we act graciously [relaxed mental attitude]; although we are continually persecuted, we endure it patiently [non-retaliation].        

       

1 Cor. 4:13 Although we are continually slandered, we speak words of encouragement; we have become as the rubbish [excrement] of the world, the lowest scum [not fit to live] of all, until now [the last entry in Paul's status report].       

      

1 Cor. 4:14 I do not write these things for the purpose of shaming you, rather, as my beloved sons, for the purpose of warning [instructing] you.     

     

1 Cor. 4:15 For even if you have countless tutors [child-trainers] in Christ, nevertheless, you will not have many spiritual fathers. Indeed, I brought you spiritual birth in Christ Jesus through the gospel.    

    

1 Cor. 4:16 Therefore I continue to urge you: become imitators [by taking in doctrine] of me.    

   

1 Cor. 4:17 For this reason, I have sent Timothy [their next teacher] to you, who is my beloved and faithful student [spiritual son] in the Lord, who will remind you [review the doctrines I taught you] of my way of life in Christ, just like I teach at each assembly [wherever two people are gathered] everywhere [the same spiritual life exists regardless of geographical location].  

  

1 Cor. 4:18 However, some [self-appointed leaders] have become arrogant as though I would never return face-to-face to you. 

 

1 Cor. 4:19 However, I will return face-to-face to you shortly, if the Lord permits; moreover, I will bring knowledge, not according to the rhetoric of those who are arrogant, but according to power [divine ability].

 

1 Cor. 4:20 For the kingdom [royal power] of God is not in the sphere of rhetoric, but in the sphere of power [filling of the Spirit].

 

1 Cor. 4:21 What do you wish? Should I return face-to-face to you with a rod [discipline and rebuke], or with virtue love, as well as a spirit of genuine humilty?

 

1 Cor. 5:1 News has actually been received concerning sexual immorality [of an extremely abnormal variety] among you, even such a category of sexual immorality which does not exist among the heathen, with the result that someone [a father's son] possesses [has sexual relations with] his father's wife [incestuous affair with his step-mother].          

          

1 Cor. 5:2 Moreover [if that's not bad enough], you yourselves [unconcerned Corinthians] continue to be arrogant [justifying his unacceptable behavior] and have not more than ever come to experience grief [decent self-respect] over this matter, so that he who has practiced this deed might be removed from your midst [local assembly].          

          

1 Cor. 5:3 For I [having the authority of an apostle], on the one hand being absent in body, but on the other hand, being present in spirit, have already passed judgment on the person who has done this [act of immorality], as though I were present,         

         

1 Cor. 5:4 In the name of our Lord Jesus, (since you [in one geographical location] and my spirit [in another geographical location] are assembled together [qualifies as fellowship], along with the power of our Lord Jesus),        

        

1 Cor. 5:5 To deliver [faithful exercise of church discipline] such a person to satan [excommunicated] for the purpose of ruining the flesh [satan administers the sin unto death], so that the spirit [inner essence of man] might be delivered on the day of the Lord [he will still receive his resurrection body],       

       

1 Cor. 5:6 Your ground for boasting [in the local assembly] is not fitting [appropriate]. Don't you realize that a little leaven [sin] leavens the whole lump [tempts others to see how far they can push things]?      

      

1 Cor. 5:7 Purge out the old leaven [corrupting habits], so that you might begin to become a new lump, inasmuch as you are unleavened [sanctified]; for even Christ, our passover, was sacrificed,     

1 Cor. 5:8 So that we might continue to celebrate [keep the feast by getting back into fellowship], not with old leaven [human viewpoint solutions], nor with the leaven of malice and evil, but with the unleaven of honesty and truth.    

    

1 Cor. 5:9 I have written to you in a [previous] letter to stop associating [socially mingle] with sexually immoral people.   

   

1 Cor. 5:10 Not entirely, by all means, with the sexually immoral people of this world [those people outside your local assembly], nor with greedy people or swindlers, nor idolaters, since you would consequently be obligated to come out [retreat] from the inhabited world.  

  

1 Cor. 5:11 But now I have come to write to you to stop associating [mingling socially] with anyone if he is a brother who is known to be a sexually immoral person or a greedy person or an idolater or a slanderer or a drunkard or a swindler; don't even eat [social dining] with this kind of person. 

 

1 Cor. 5:12 For why should I pass judgment on those [unbelievers] on the outside [not under his jurisdiction]? Shouldn't you make it a practice to pass judgment on those [believers only] on the inside [your local assembly]?

 

1 Cor. 5:13 On the contrary, God will pass judgment on those [unbelievers] on the outside [as well as believers in other assemblies]. Remove [excommunicate] the wicked person out from among your selves [your local assembly].

 

1 Cor. 6:1 Would anyone of you [as plaintiffs] be bold enough [dare to go against an established principle], having a case [forensic matter] against one another of a different kind [defendant who is a believer], to stand trial before unjust people [an unbeliever judge or jury], and not before upright people [fellow believers in your local assembly]?                 

                 

1 Cor. 6:2 Don't you even understand that saints [some, but not all, fellow believers] shall pass judgment on the world [settling disputes during the Millennium]? So then if the world shall be judged by you, are you incapable of passing judgment [function of church discipline] on much smaller matters?                

                

1 Cor. 6:3 Don't you understand that we shall pass judgment on angels? How much more things pertaining to everyday life [such as quarrels, altercations, domestic issues, business matters]?                

               

1 Cor. 6:4 So then, if you should have trivial matters [relatively small disputes] pertaining to everyday life, why would you select those [men with no experience or standing] to judge who are counted as nothing [without spiritual maturity] in the assembly?              

              

1 Cor. 6:5 I am speaking to you face-to-face for the purpose of making you ashamed. Is there not a wise person among you [sarcastic in view of their claims of being wise] in these matters [disputes between two believers], who will be able [as the need arises] to pass judgment [perhaps as arbitrator] between each one [opposing parties] of his brethren?               

             

1 Cor. 6:6 However, [Christian] brother is being brought to court [forced to stand trial] against brother,and this [lawsuit between two Christians] before unbelievers.             

            

1 Cor. 6:7 So indeed, there is already an actual [as opposed to hypothetical] failure among you, since you continue to maintain lawsuits against each other [Christian against Christian]. Why won't you [guilty defendant] admit to being wrong [accept your guilt] instead [of defending yourself in court]? Why won't you [innocent defendant] be defrauded [taken advantage of] instead [of defending yourself in court]?          

          

1 Cor. 6:8 On the contrary, you [innocent prosecutors] are in the wrong [bringing trivial matters into the courtroom], and you [guilty prosecutors] are stealing, and this against brethren [fellow believers].          

          

1 Cor. 6:9 Don't you even understand that unrighteous persons [carnal Christians] will not share in [gain possession of] the kingdom [royal power] of God? Stop being deceived: neither persons involved in sexual immorality [illicit sex between unmarried persons], nor idolaters, nor adulterers [illicit sex between married persons], nor effeminate men [those who make women of themselves], nor homosexuals,         

          

1 Cor. 6:10 Nor thieves, nor the avaricious, nor drunkards, nor slanderers, nor swindlers, will share in [take possession of] the kingdom [royal power] of God.         

        

1 Cor. 6:11 As a matter of fact, some of you lived these things [in their former days], but you became cleansed [part of the conversion process], but you became [positionally] sanctified, but you became justified in the Person of the Lord Jesus Christ [the Son] and by the Spirit [the Spirit] of our God [the Father].       

        

1 Cor. 6:12 All things are lawful to me [law of liberty], but all things are not advantageous [special self-control is called for on occasion]. All things are lawful to me [law of liberty], but I will not be made a slave under any.      

      

1 Cor. 6:13 Solid food [legitimate sexual intercourse] for bodily desires [legitimate sexual appetites] and bodily desire [legitimate sexual appetite] for the purpose of solid food [legitimate sexual intercourse], but God will render ineffective both it [the ability to engage in sexual intercourse] and them [those who have a legitimate sexual appetite]. On the contrary, the body is not for sexual immorality, but for the Lord [legitimate sexual activity is a form of worship], and the Lord for the body [God created our ability for legitimate sexual activity].       

     

1 Cor. 6:14 Furthermore, God raised up [bodily resurrection] the Lord and He will also raise us up [bodily resurrection] by means of His power [omnipotence].     

    

1 Cor. 6:15 Don't you know that your [Christian] bodies are the members [positional truth] of Christ? Therefore, since I have conquered [taken] members for Christ, should I produce [yield] members for a prostitute? May it not happen.   

   

1 Cor. 6:16 What? Don't you understand that the person who becomes joined [sexually related to] to a prostitute exists as [becomes] one body? "For the two," it says, "shall become one flesh [you become one with the person you are having sex with]."  

  

1 Cor. 6:17 But he who is joined [united] to the Lord is one spirit [positional truth].  

 

1 Cor. 6:18 Avoid [run away from] sexual immorality. Every category of sin which a man might practice, is outside of his body [affects his soul], but he who commits sexual immorality sins against his own body [actually ruins the body along with the soul].  

 

1 Cor. 6:19 What? Don't you understand that your body is the temple of the Holy Spirit Who resides [indwells] in you, Whom you received from God [the Father]? So then, you are not your own.

 

1 Cor. 6:20 For you [believers] were ransomed [redeemed from the market place of sin] with a price [the death of Christ]. Therefore, start glorifying God in your body.

 

1 Cor. 7:1 Now concerning the things you wrote about: It is acceptable [honorable] for a man not to marry a woman [remaining single].

1 Cor. 7:2 Nevertheless, because of sexual immorality, let each husband possess [sexually] his own wife, likewise, let each wife possess [sexually] her own husband.

1 Cor. 7:3 May the husband for the benefit of the wife please fulfill [reward] her sexual appetite, and also, in the same manner, the wife for the benefit of the husband.

1 Cor. 7:4 The wife does not have authority over her own body, but rather the husband; and also, in the same manner [mutual dependence], the husband does not have authority over his own body, but rather the wife.

1 Cor. 7:5 Stop refusing [denying] sexual relations from one another, unless maybe [special contingency] by reason of mutual consent [no sour notes] for a brief time, so that you may devote yourselves to prayer [in an attempt to reconcile a broken relationship], and then come together [sexual relations] again as a result, so that satan may not tempt you [to engage in sexual immorality] because of your lack of self-control.

1 Cor. 7:6 However, I am saying this [marriage as opposed to staying single] as a matter of concession, not as a command.

1 Cor. 7:7 Rather, I wish [emotional desire] all men to be even as myself [single status], but each one has his own gift [expression of divine grace] from God: on the one hand, this way [gift of celibacy], on the other hand, this way [gift of marriage].

1 Cor. 7:8 Therefore, I say to the unmarried [single] and to widows, that it would be good [beneficial] for them if they remained [status quo] like myself [single and celibate],

1 Cor. 7:9 But if they cannot exercise continued self-control [refraining from illicit sexual activity], let them marry, for it is better to marry than to constantly burn with sexual desire [inflamed, distressed libido].

1 Cor. 7:10 Now to those who are married I give strict orders, not I, but rather the Lord [Jesus taught this]: Let a wife not be separated [divorced] from husband,

1 Cor. 7:11 But, however, if she becomes separated, let her remain unmarried [for the purpose of stabilizing] or be reconciled [return to status quo] to her husband, and let husband not dismiss [divorce] wife.

1 Cor. 7:12 But as for the others [personal opinions sanctioned by the Holy Spirit], I myself speak, not the Lord [Jesus didn't cover this teaching during His earthly ministry]: If any brother has an unbelieving wife, but she is willing [agreeable] to continue living with him, let him not divorce her.

1 Cor. 7:13 In addition, the wife who has an unbelieving husband, who still agrees [is pleased] to keep on dwelling with her, shall not leave [separate or divorce] her husband.

1 Cor. 7:14 For the unbelieving husband is blessed by the association [sanctified marriage relationship] with the wife, and the unbelieving wife is blessed by the association [sanctified marriage relationship] with the husband; as a matter of fact, your children were degenerate [defiled], but now they are upright [honorable].

1 Cor. 7:15 But if the unbelieving spouse wants a divorce, let him/her have a divorce; a brother or sister [Christian] is not bound by marriage [willful desertion or domestic violence sets the other party free] in such cases; on the contrary, God called us to tranquility.

1 Cor. 7:16 For how then [after a divorce or separation] would you know, wife, whether you might have delivered [saved] your husband? Or how then would you know, husband, whether you might have delivered your wife?

1 Cor. 7:17 However [as an exception to what I said in verse 15], as the Lord has distributed to each person, as God has called each person, keep on walking [conduct oneself] in this manner. As a matter of fact, I have given the same instructions in all assemblies.

1 Cor. 7:18 Has anyone [referring to Jews] been called while he was circumcised? Let him not [experientially] uncircumcise himself [return to status quo Judaism]. Has anyone [referring to Gentiles] been called in uncircumcision? Let him not become circumcised [return to status quo heathenism].

1 Cor. 7:19 Circumcision [the practice of ritual] is nothing [unnecessary], and uncircumcision [a lack of ritual] is nothing, but keeping God's mandates [be filled with, walk in, grieve not, & quench not the Spirit] is something [reality].

1 Cor. 7:20 Let each person keep on abiding [remain as you are in status quo] in that calling [principle of contentment] in which he was called.

1 Cor. 7:21 Were you called [elected] as a slave? Don't let it concern you [remain in status quo]; however, if you are able [by legitimate means] to become a free person [manumission], then make the most of the opportunity all the more.

1 Cor. 7:22 For he who was called as a slave in the Lord is the Lord's freedman [manumitted slave]; in the same manner, the freedman, having been called, is Christ's slave.

 

1 Cor. 7:23 You have been purchased [ransomed, redeemed] out of the slave market with a price [the spiritual death of Christ]; stop becoming slaves of men [human viewpoint thinking].

 

1 Cor. 7:24 Brethren, let each person in that [spiritual gift] which he was called, keep on abiding in it [your circumstances] with God [serving Him].

 

1 Cor. 7:25 Now as concerns single people [virgins], I have no mandate from the Lord [during His earthly ministry], but I will render spiritual advice as one who has received mercy [gift of apostle] to be faithful [to the principles of the Word] under the authority of the Lord.

 

1 Cor. 7:26 Therefore, I conclude this honor [virginity] to be in your possession because of the sense of duty [respect for yourself and the other person involved] which should be present: that it is honorable [beneficial] for a man to remain as he is [single status].

 

1 Cor. 7:27 Are you married [trapped in a bad marriage] to a wife? Stop seeking a divorce! Are you free [divorced or separated] from a wife? Stop seeking [shopping for] a wife!

 

1 Cor. 7:28 On the other hand, however, if you [divorced people] should get married, you have not sinned, and if a single person marries, she has not sinned. However, such people [married couples] will experience outside [from each other] pressure [marital strife] in the flesh, therefore I am hoping to spare you [keep you from experiencing this].

 

1 Cor. 7:29 Furthermore, brethren, I have been saying this by way of implication: "Time is growing short. For the remainder [of our allotted time on earth], then, as a result [since we are living in the final hour of the dispensation of the Church Age], they who have wives should live [in a spiritual sense] as though they had none [live a spiritual life unencumbered by marital pressures],

 

1 Cor. 7:30 And those who continually weep [due to unpleasant circumstances in life] as though they did not weep [not living in continual sorrow], and those who are continually happy [emotional giddiness] as though they are not happy [relaxed mental attitude], and those who are continually buying [compulsive shoppers] as though they did not own [not caught up in materialism],

 

1 Cor. 7:31 And those who continually make the most from the world [successful careers] as though not using the available resources [not becoming a workaholic], for the present nature of this world [passing fashions] will pass away.

 

1 Cor. 7:32 But I want you to be free from worry. The unmarried person cares for the things of the Lord, how he might please the Lord.

 

1 Cor. 7:33 But he who is married cares for the things [affairs] of the world [legitimate functions], how he might please his wife, and is thoroughly distracted.

 

1 Cor. 7:34 There is also a different interest between a wife and a single woman. The unmarried woman cares for the things of the Lord, so that she might be morally pure [experientially sanctified] both in body and spirit; but she who has married cares for the things of the world, how she might please her husband.

 

1 Cor. 7:35 Now I am telling you this for your own benefit, not for the purpose of casting a snare upon you, but for a respectable solution and a devotion to the Lord without distraction.

 

1 Cor. 7:36 However, if anyone assumes [thinks] he is behaving improperly [has strong passions] towards his girlfriend, if he is past the optimum age for marriage [has a healthy sexual appetite even though the prime of life has past], and this is bound to happen [finds his prospective wife late in life], let him do whatever he wants, he is not sinning; let them get married.

 

1 Cor. 7:37 Nevertheless, he who stands firm [holds his ground] in his mind [maintains his convictions], not having distress [sexual tension], but having authority over his own will, and has preferred this [remaining celibate] in his own mind, to keep his own single status, he will do well enough [just fine].

 

1 Cor. 7:38 So then, he who marries a single woman for himself does well, but he who does not marry does better.

 

1 Cor. 7:39 A wife is tied by marriage for as long a period of time as her husband lives, but if her husband dies, she is free to become married to whomever she wishes, or to remain alone in the Lord.

 

1 Cor. 7:40 But she would be happier if she continued to abide in status quo [single status], according to my opinion; however, I think I also possess the Spirit of God.

 

1 Cor. 8:1 Now [responding to questions asked in a formal letter] concerning things [meals] offered to idols, we have knowledge [information] for we all [the greater part of spiritually adolescent Christians in Corinth] know knowledge [mere facts, not doctrinal understanding] may cause arrogance, but virtue love builds up [is building material for spiritual maturity].

 

1 Cor. 8:2 If anyone [spiritual adolescent with a little doctrine] thinks he knows something to perfection, he has begun to know nothing yet [he doesn't know the full realm of doctrine] to the degree [expertise] that he ought to know.

 

1 Cor. 8:3 However, if anyone [mature believer] keeps on loving God [maximum doctrine in his soul], this same one [mature believer] is known [intimate walk] by Him.

 

1 Cor. 8:4 Concerning, then, the eating of things sacrificed to idols, we know that an idol is nothing in the world, and that there is [without divine essence] no God except one [only three Persons have divine essence],

 

1 Cor. 8:5 For even though there are those which have been declared gods, whether in heaven or on earth, (as there are always many gods and many masters),

 

1 Cor. 8:6 Nevertheless, to us [spiritually adolescent Christians], there is only one God, the Father, out from Whom all things originated, even we for Him, and one Lord [as opposed to many masters], Jesus Christ, by Whom all things exist, even we by Him.

1 Cor. 8:7 However, the knowledge [of this specific topic] does not reside in everyone. Now some [confused baby Christians], accustomed to idols [they were formerly pagans] up to and including the present time, make it a habit to eat food [in temple restaurants] after it has been offered to idols, but their conscience, being weak [immature], becomes defiled [polluted by guilt].

 

1 Cor. 8:8 But meat will not commend us to God [He is not impressed with our diet]. Although we may eat [meat offered to idols], we are not becoming inferior [lacking spiritually], neither if we should not eat [meat offered to idols] do we possess any advantage [observing taboos has no spiritual benefit].

 

1 Cor. 8:9 However, see to it that in some way this liberty of yours [the enlightened believer] may not become a stumblingblock to the weak [spiritually immature believer].

 

1 Cor. 8:10 Since if anyone [a weak believer] sees you [a strong believer], who has knowledge [about meat being neutral], dining at a table in a temple restaurant, shall not his conscience, being weak, become encouraged [after distortion] to eat things offered to idols?

 

1 Cor. 8:11 Indeed, shall the one who is weak [now engaged in his former pagan activities again], a brother for whom Christ died, become ruined [his spiritual growth abruptly halts] through your knowledge [parading in the form of defiance]?

 

1 Cor. 8:12 Moreover, when you [the strong believer] sin against the brethren [the weak believer] in this manner [taking liberty in the face of their weakness], in as much as you injure their weak conscience, you are sinning against Christ.

 

1 Cor. 8:13 For this very reason, if meat [that has been offered to idols] causes my brother to stumble [shocks the immature believer], I will never eat meat [offered to idols] during my age [lifetime], so that I may not cause my brother to stumble [shock the immature believer].

 

1 Cor. 9:1 Am I not free [law of liberty in action]? Am I not an apostle [maximum authority]? Have I not seen [eye-witness to the resurrected Christ] Jesus our Lord? Are you not my production [result of my spiritual gift] in the Lord?

 

1 Cor. 9:2 Perhaps I may not be an apostle to others [who are critical of his ministry], but at any rate [nevertheless], I am to you, for the evidence [confirmation] of my apostleship keeps on being you in the Lord.

 

1 Cor. 9:3 My defense to those [critical believers] who continually examine me [evaluating my message and my ministry] is this:

 

1 Cor. 9:4 Do we [Paul and his colleagues] not have the right [legitimate function] to eat and to drink?

 

1 Cor. 9:5 Do we [Paul and his colleagues] not have the right [legitimate authority] to lead about [travel with] a fellow sister [female Christian], a wife, as also the other apostles [many of whom were also married], and the brethren [fellow believers with wives] of the Lord, even Cephas [Peter had a wife]?

 

1 Cor. 9:6 Or I alone [supreme sacrifice] and Barnabas, shouldn’t we have the privilege to stop our continual working for our daily sustenance [Paul made tents to pay his bills because he had no ministerial salary]?

 

1 Cor. 9:7 Who serves as a soldier at any time [no historical precedence] at his own expense [receives no wages]? Who plants a vineyard, but does not eat of its fruit? Or who herds [tends] a flock, but does not drink of the milk from the flock?

 

1 Cor. 9:8 Am I suggesting these things according to the standards of a man [human viewpoint], or doesn’t the law [divine viewpoint in the OT Scriptures] also say these things?

 

1 Cor. 9:9 For it stands written in the law of Moses [Deut. 25:4]: "You shall not muzzle the ox which is continually threshing [treading out corn]." Does God care for oxen?

 

1 Cor. 9:10 Or is he [Moses] saying this, no doubt, because of us [for the benefit of those who labor in the Word]? For because of us it was written that the one who plows should make it a practice to plow with confidence, and the one who harvests [threshes], with confidence of partaking of it.

 

1 Cor. 9:11 If we have sown [by continual studying and teaching] spiritual things [Bible doctrines] to you, is it surprising if we [those with communication gifts] should reap your material things [law of remuneration]?

 

1 Cor. 9:12 If others of the same kind [your physical family] share in your capability [material wealth], should not we [your spiritual family] all the more? Nevertheless, we have not taken advantage of this legitimate privilege, but have continually endured all kinds of things, so that we might permit no hindrance [law of supreme sacrifice] whatsoever towards the good news of Christ.

 

1 Cor. 9:13 Don’t you know that they [Levitical priesthood] who perform duties at the temple make it a habit to eat things [offerings] out of the temple [income taxes paid to the temple covered their salaries], while they [heathen priests] who continally wait upon the altar themselves habitually partake of the altar [they also receive a salary]?

 

1 Cor. 9:14 In the same manner, also, the Lord instructed those [apostles, pastors, teachers, evangelists] who make it a practice to teach the good news to live by means of the good news.

 

1 Cor. 9:15 But I myself have not taken advantage of [used the opportunity] these things [means of financial support] in any respect. Now I have not written these things, so that it might begin to be the same way [regular salary] for me [in my case], for it would be much better for me to die; truly no one shall render ineffective my ground for boasting!

 

1 Cor. 9:16 For though I teach [communicate] the good news, my ground for boasting does not truly exist, for a divine compulsion [necessity to teach] was imposed [crowded] upon me, for how terrible [disastrous] it would be for me if I stopped teaching the good news.

 

1 Cor. 9:17 Moreover, if I keep on doing this [teaching the good news] voluntarily, I will receive a reward [crown of joy], but even if unwillingly [as victim of some gimmic or pressure], I will be entrusted with a mere responsibility [it becomes a joyless task without reward].

 

1 Cor. 9:18 What, then, is my reward? That when I teach the good news, I may distribute the good news [both the gospel and Bible doctrine] free of charge, so as not to abuse [making full use of] my authority in the good news.

 

1 Cor. 9:19 For though I am independent [no patronage relationship] from all men, I have made myself a laborer [a model of self-sacrificial behavior] to all manner of men, so I might gain [win over converts] the majority;

 

1 Cor. 9:20 For example, to the Jews I became as a Jew, so that I might gain [win over] the Jews; to those under the authority of the law, as under the authority of the law, (not being under the authority of the law myself), so that I might gain [win over] those under the authority of the law;

 

1 Cor. 9:21 To those [Gentiles] without the law, as without the law, (not being outside the law of God [in a state of rebellion], but subject to the law [mandates] of Christ), so that I might gain [win over] those [Gentiles] without the law;

 

1 Cor. 9:22 I became helpless [insignificant] to the helpless [of no prominence], so that I might gain the helpless; I became in the past and am still becoming in the present [in the role of conciliator] all kinds of things [flexible lifestyle] to all kinds of men, so that by all means I might save some.

 

1 Cor. 9:23 Moreover, I will keep on doing all kinds of things for the sake of the good news, so that I might become a fellow partaker with them.

 

1 Cor. 9:24 Don’t you know that when they [competing athletes] run a race in a stadium [arena], on the one hand, they all run the race, but on the other hand, one [only the winner] obtains the prize [few believers exploit their potential and receive rewards]? In the same manner, keep on running the race [your spiritual walk] so that you may obtain [the reward].

 

1 Cor. 9:25 Moreover, everyone who struggles to win the prize [competes in an athletic contest] makes it a practice to constantly exercise self-discipline in all things. On the one hand, therefore, they [winners of athletic contests] may receive a corruptible [subject to decay] wreath, but on the other hand, we an incorruptible [won’t decay].

 

1 Cor. 9:26 For that very reason then [to obtain an incorruptible wreath], I run the race [make spiritual progress] like this [in order to win the prize]: not as though without a goal in mind [aimlessly]; in the same way, I box: not as punching [making every blow count] the air [missing the target].

 

1 Cor. 9:27 But I continually train my body with harsh discipline [severe training] and keep it under control [consistent metabolization of Bible doctrine], unless after teaching others of the same kind [fellow believers], I myself might become disqualified [fail to pass the test and lose the reward].

 

1 Cor. 10:1 Indeed, I do not want you to be ignorant [without doctrine], brethren, that all our fathers [previous generation] were under the cloud [symbol of the presence of the Lord] and all passed through the [Red] sea,

 

1 Cor. 10:2 And all were baptized along with Moses by the cloud [continued presence of the Lord] and through the sea [deliverance of the Lord],

 

1 Cor. 10:3 And all ate the same spiritual food [manna as a type of Christ],

 

1 Cor. 10:4 And all drank the same spiritual drink [water from the rock], (for they drank out from the spiritual Rock [Christ] which followed [the physical rock was a type of Christ to come], and that rock was [in a type] Christ).

 

1 Cor. 10:5 But God was not pleased with most of them [the majority], for they were struck down [died the sin unto death] in the desert.

 

1 Cor. 10:6 Now these things occurred [came into being] as examples for us, so that we ourselves might not become desirous for evil things, just as they also lusted.

 

1 Cor. 10:7 Stop becoming [implying they already had become] idolaters like some of them, even as it was written: "The people sat down to eat and drink and then rose up to play [pagan revelry]."

 

1 Cor. 10:8 Stop practicing sexual immorality [some were already doing it], just as some of them [in the wilderness] committed sexual immorality, when twenty-three thousand fell to their destruction [died the sin unto death] in one day.

 

1 Cor. 10:9 Stop putting Christ to the test [presumption], just as some of them [in the wilderness] put Him to the test, and were repeatedly punished [tortured] by snakes.

 

1 Cor. 10:10 Stop complaining [some already were], just as some of them [in the wilderness] complained and were destroyed by an exterminating angel.

 

1 Cor. 10:11 Now these things happened to them [wilderness wanderers] as a warning, and were written to us for the purpose of instruction, upon whom [Church Age believers] the ends of the ages [conclusion of a series of dispensations in God’s plan] are currently arriving [the Church Age is coming to a close] and will continue to come [the Tribulation, Millennium, and New Heavens & New Earth are still future].

 

1 Cor. 10:12 Therefore, let him who thinks he is firmly established [grounded] and will remain firmly established continually take heed [of Bible doctrine] so he doesn’t fall to his destruction [come to a terrible end].

 

1 Cor. 10:13 No period of testing [pressure designed for our benefit] has overtaken you in the past [caught up with you] or will overtake you in the future that is not characteristic of mankind [common to all men: you aren’t alone in encountering pressure situations]; moreover, God is faithful, Who will not allow you to be tested beyond [the breaking point] what you are capable of [you have the ability to avoid cracking up], but will provide [make available in the Word of God], in fact, the solution [divine problem solving devices] along with the test so that you are able [by utilizing doctrine and the filling of the Spirit] to endure [turning cursing into blessing].

 

1 Cor. 10:14 Therefore indeed, my beloved, keep on fleeing from idolatry.

 

1 Cor. 10:15 I am speaking as to sensible [thoughtful] men; you [those with some doctrine] consider [think about] what I mean [by implication].

 

1 Cor. 10:16 The cup of blessing [having given thanks] which we make it a habit to ask God’s blessing on [a benediction at the end of a meal], does it not represent fellowship [communal jointness] with the blood of Christ [representative analogy for His spiritual death on the cross]? The food [meat, grain, vegetables] which we make it a habit to distribute [share at the common meal], does it not represent fellowship [communal jointness] with the body of Christ? 

 

1 Cor. 10:17 Now we, being many, are one food, one body, for we all eat [share] from one food [common meal].

 

1 Cor. 10:18 Observe Israel according to the flesh [racial]. Are not they who [as unbelievers] keep on eating the sacrifices sharers [joint communers] of the altar?

 

1 Cor. 10:19 What then am I saying? That a meal offered to an idol is anything? Or that an idol is anything?

 

1 Cor. 10:20 But that which is sacrificed, they sacrifice to demons [evil spirits] and not to God. Now I do not want you to have fellowship [communers or joint partakers through idolatry] with demons.

 

1 Cor. 10:21 You are not able to drink [quench your thirst] from the cup of the Lord and from the cup of demons; you are not able to partake from the table [shared food] of the Lord and the table [shared food] of demons.

 

1 Cor. 10:22 Should we provoke [by our insolent behavior] the Lord to jealousy? Are we stronger than He?

 

1 Cor. 10:23 All manner of things are lawful [permitted], but all manner of things are not advantageous [profitable or expedient]; all manner of things are lawful [permitted], but all manner of things do not edify [build up].

 

1 Cor. 10:24 Let no one [spiritually mature person] make it a habit to assert his own legitimate rights [in an act of selfishness], but consider that belonging to another of a different kind [spiritually immature person].

 

1 Cor. 10:25 Everything that is sold in the temple meat market [shopping at the shambles] you may eat regularly without making inquiries for the sake of the conscience [as to whether it was once offered to idols],

 

1 Cor. 10:26 Since [quoting a common prayer before meals] the earth is the Lord’s and the contents of it [everything on it].

 

1 Cor. 10:27 If any unbelievers invite you [to a banquet in their home] and you want to go, you may eat everything which is placed before you, without making inquiries for the sake of the conscience.

 

1 Cor. 10:28 But if anyone [unbeliever host] says to you: “This [food] was offered in sacrifice,” don’t eat for the sake of him [the pagan host] who pointed it out and for the sake of conscience,

 

1 Cor. 10:29 However [when dealing with different types of believers], by conscience, I don’t mean your own [a spiritually mature believer has no issue of conscience in this case], but that of another person [a genuine spiritually immature person], for why should my liberty ever be judged by another person’s [legalistic] conscience?

 

1 Cor. 10:30 If I eat with thanksgiving, why am I regularly insulted [hassled] for what I have given thanks for?

 

1 Cor. 10:31 Therefore, whether you eat, or drink, or whatever you do, make it a habit to do all things to the glory of God.

 

1 Cor. 10:32 Let no offense take place [arise], not toward the Jews [natural Israel], nor toward the Gentiles [unbelievers], nor toward the Church of God [fellow believers],

 

1 Cor. 10:33 In so far as I myself make it a practice to be acceptable [pleasant] to all kinds of persons in all manner of things, not seeking my own benefit [advantage], but that of the many [the elect multitude], so that they may be saved [in the future].

 

1 Cor. 11:1 Keep on being imitators of me [my qualities of spiritual maturity], just as I am [becoming an imitator] of Christ.

 

1 Cor. 11:2 Now, so that I may commend you, remember all my things [teachings]; in fact, to the degree that I have entrusted [passsed them on to] you, keep on holding fast to these teachings.

 

1 Cor. 11:3 Moreover, I want you to thoroughly understand that Christ is the [federal] head of every man; moreover, the head [authority] of a woman [wife] is a man [husband]; moreover, the head [by divine protocol] of Christ is God [the Father].

 

1 Cor. 11:4 Every man who prays in public or proclaims God’s message, while having his head covered [a sign of submission], disgraces his position of superior rank.

 

1 Cor. 11:5 But every woman, who prays or proclaims God’s message [to women and children] in public with her head uncovered, disgraces her head [her husband], for it is one and the same as having herself shaved [penalty for an adulterous woman].

 

1 Cor. 11:6 For if a woman [in emotional revolt of the soul] will not cover her head [sign of rebellion, arrogant refusal], then have her cut her hair off [shear like a sheep]; but if she considers it disgraceful for a woman to have her hair cut off or to have her head shaved, then let her cover her head [wear long hair as her covering].

 

1 Cor. 11:7 For on the one hand, a man [husband] ought not to cover his head, which represents the image [moral likeness] and glory [crown of creation] of God; but on the other hand, the woman [wife] represents the glory [honor] of the man [husband].

 

1 Cor. 11:8 For the man is not out from the woman, but the woman out from the man.

 

1 Cor. 11:9 Indeed, man also was not created for the sake of the woman, but the woman for the sake of the man.

 

1 Cor. 11:10 Because of this [the woman created for the sake of the man], the woman ought to always have authority [ruling power for protective purposes] over her head [headship], because of those angels [fallen angels who cohabited with the daughters of men].

 

1 Cor. 11:11 However, neither is the woman [wife] apart from [complete without] the man [husband], nor the man [husband] apart from [complete without] the woman [wife] in the Lord.

 

1 Cor. 11:12 For just as the woman [Eve] was out from the man [Adam], in a similar manner, also the man because of the woman [by natural childbirth], but all things out from God.

 

1 Cor. 11:13 Pass judgment on these things [list of pertinent issues just covered] yourselves. Is it proper for a woman to pray to God uncovered?

 

1 Cor. 11:14 Doesn’t nature itself teach you, that on the one hand, a man, if he wears long hair, is a disgrace [shame and dishonor] to himself?

 

1 Cor. 11:15 But on the other hand, if a woman makes it a habit to wear long hair, it is glory [grandeur] to her, for her hair was entrusted to her in place of a covering.

 

1 Cor. 11:16 Now, if anyone [troublemaker] has the reputation of being argumentative, then [it’s not worth fighting over] we have no such custom [rejecting the legalistic bully’s rules], nor do the assemblies of God.

 

1 Cor. 11:17 Now, by giving strict orders about this [next topic], I am not praising [commending] you because you make it a habit to assemble yourselves together; it has not been for the better, but for the worse.

 

1 Cor. 11:18 For, on the one hand, first [foremost], when you yourselves gather together in a central location, I heard [by oral report] divisions [opposing parties] developed among you, and to a degree [maybe it was a bit exaggerated], I believe it [expressing mock disbelief].

 

1 Cor. 11:19 For indeed [I know this to be true], there inevitably developed heresies among you, so that even they [the creators of the heresies], the respected ones [those held in undeserved high esteem], might become evident [revealed for what they really are] among you.

 

1 Cor. 11:20 Accordingly [since there is no elite few], when you gather yourselves together, it’s not for the purpose of eating a feast [stuffing your face at the agape meal] at the expense of the principal provider [the lord of the manor].

 

1 Cor. 11:21 For you see [explains with examples], each one [individually], while eating [wealthy class] his own main meal [personal dinner], is beginning ahead of time [eating before others show up], although on the one hand [while], one [workers who show up late] continues to go on hungry, on the other hand, another gets drunk [drinks more than his share].

 

1 Cor. 11:22 Indeed [sanctified sarcasm], don’t you possess homes [personal privacy] for the purpose of excessive eating and drinking? Or do you plan on making it a habit to depise [treat with contempt] the assembly [fellow believers] of God [by eating your own private meal without your fellow believers], and a practice to humiliate those [poor believers] who do not have [can’t afford their own meal and drink]? What shall I say to you? Shall I commend you? I will not commend you on this [kind of behavior].

 

1 Cor. 11:23 For I accepted [learned secondhand from studying the Gospels] from the Lord [ultimate source], what I also passed on to you [equal dining privileges], that the Lord Jesus, on the night in which He was betrayed [delivered to soldiers by Judas Iscariot], received food [a meal],

 

1 Cor. 11:24 And after He had given thanks, He distributed [food] and said: This [food] represents [figurative analogy] My body which is on your behalf [substitution]; practice this [prayer before every meal] for the purpose of remembering Me.

 

1 Cor. 11:25 In the same way [giving thanks before a drink just like before a meal], also the cup, after He had eaten [a meal], saying: This cup represents the new covenant [result of the work of Christ] by means of My blood [representative analogy for the spiritual death of Christ on the cross]; practice this [give thanks] whenever you drink, for the purpose of remembering Me.

 

1 Cor. 11:26 For whenever [as often as] you make it a habit to eat this [prayed over] food or drink a cup, you are announcing [making known] the [spiritual] death of the Lord until He returns [at the exit-resurrection or rapture].

 

1 Cor. 11:27 Therefore, whoever makes it a habit to eat food or drink a cup from the Lord in an improper manner [without giving thanks and remembrance], shall be guilty of sin [arrogant lack of appreciation] against the body [Person] and the blood [spiritual death] of the Lord.

 

1 Cor. 11:28 Instead, let a man make it a practice to examine himself [confession of sin], and then [after being restored to fellowship], in this manner [accompanied by a prayer of thanks], let him eat of the food [his share of the feast] and drink of the cup [his share of beverage],

 

1 Cor. 11:29 For he [the carnal Christian] who eats and drinks, eats and drinks judgment [divine discipline] to himself, by not acknowledging [recognizing] the body [fellow believers at the dining table].

 

1 Cor. 11:30 Because of this [following pagan protocol at the agape feast], many [carnal Christians] among you have become weak [warning discipline] and ill [intensive discipline]; some have even died [sin unto death].

 

1 Cor. 11:31 For if [assumes the Corinthians haven’t] we continue to examine ourselves [confessing sin in order to restore fellowship], then we should not receive continuous discipline [we’re spared the next level of divine discipline].

 

1 Cor. 11:32 But when we are being assessed [evaluated], we always receive discipline [corrective remedy] from the Lord, so that we should not be condemned according to a particular norm and standard [warning, intensive, dying discipline] along with the cosmic system.

 

1 Cor. 11:33 Therefore, my brethren, when you come together for the purpose of eating, make it a habit to wait [no distinctions in rank or food] for one another of the same kind [fellow believers].

 

1 Cor. 11:34 If anyone is impatiently hungy, let him make it a habit to eat at home, so that you may not come together [for group dining] with a result of condemnation [divine discipline]. Moreover, finally, when I return, I myself [not even Titus could handle this crowd] will give instructions [set things straight].

 

1 Cor. 12:1 Now concerning things pertaining to the Spirit, brethren, I do not wish you to be ignorant.

 

1 Cor. 12:2 You know that when [in the past] you were unbelievers, when you were in the habit of being continually led astray [by an idolatrous culture], you were repeatedly brought face-to-face with dumb [lifeless] idols.

 

1 Cor. 12:3 For this reason [because of you past dealing with idols], I am making known to you that no one, when communicating by means of the Spirit of God, can say: “Jesus is cursed.” Moreover, no one is able to say: “Lord Jesus,” unless by means of the Holy Spirit.

 

1 Cor. 12:4 Moreover, there are varieties of grace gifts [both temporary & permanent], but the same Spirit [God the Spirit],

 

1 Cor. 12:5 And there are varieties [diversities] of services [helps, supports], but also the same Lord [God the Son],

 

1 Cor. 12:6 And there are varieties of activities [operations], but the same God [the Father] Who accomplishes all things [individually] into all [a whole plan].

 

1 Cor. 12:7 Moreover, the manifestation of the Spirit has been given to each person [all believers] for the purpose of being advantageous [beneficial].

 

1 Cor. 12:8 For on the one hand [needed before the completion of the canon], a word of wisdom [explanation and application of advanced doctrine to mature believers] is given to one person by the Spirit; on the other hand, to another of the same kind [fellow believer], a word of knowledge [explanation and application of basic doctrine to new believers].

 

1 Cor. 12:9 To another of a different kind [purpose of authenticating the gospel], faith [a miraculous manifestation] in the sphere of the same Spirit; on the other hand, to another of the same kind [fellow believer], gifts [several types] of healing in the sphere of one Spirit;

 

1 Cor. 12:10 On the other hand, to another of the same kind, an exercise of power [working miracles]; on the other hand, to another of the same kind, a prophesy [relating the plan of God to time]; on the other hand, to another of the same kind, an ability to discriminate states of mind [ability to discern between true & false prophets]; to another of a different kind [purpose of warning the nation Israel of coming judgment], a foreign type [another nation] of language [not gibberish]; on the other hand, to another of the same kind, a translation of a language [for those who don’t know the foreign language];

 

1 Cor. 12:11 But all these things [spiritual gifts] are put into operation [energized] by one and the same Spirit, distributing to each individual just as He planned [sovereign determination].

 

1 Cor. 12:12 For just as the body [the Church] is one and has many members [believers], and all the members of a body [Christ’s], being many [individuals], are one body [the Church], so also is Christ [the Church is the body of Christ].

 

1 Cor. 12:13 For also by one Spirit we all [Church Age believers] were baptized [instantaneous positional truth] into one body [the Church as the body of Christ], whether Jews or Greeks [no racial distinctions], whether bondslaves or free persons [no socio-economic distinctions]; in fact, we all [Church Age believers] were given to drink of one Spirit.

 

1 Cor. 12:14 Indeed, the body [the Church] is also not one member [no man is an island], but many.

 

1 Cor. 12:15 If the foot [believer with an inferiority complex] should say: “Because I am not a hand [believer with a superiority complex], I am not of the body, nor because of this [difference in spiritual gift], is it not of the body?”

 

1 Cor. 12:16 And if the ear [believer with an inferiority complex] should say: “Because I am not an eye [believer with a superiority complex], I am not part of the body, is it not on account of this, not being part of the body?”

 

1 Cor. 12:17 If the whole body were an eye, where the hearing? If the entirety was hearing, where the smelling?

 

1 Cor. 12:18 But in actuality, God appointed members, each one of them in the body, according as He intended.

 

1 Cor. 12:19 But if all [believers] were one member [having the same spiritual gift], then where the body [what condition would it be in]?

 

1 Cor. 12:20 But in actuality, on the one hand: many members, but on the other hand: one body.

 

1 Cor. 12:21 So then, the eye [believer with a superiority complex] is not able to say to the hand [believer with an inferiority complex]: “I have no need of you,” nor again, the head [superior position] to the feet [inferior position]: “I have no need of you.”

 

1 Cor. 12:22 On the contrary, frequently, to a great degree [their gifts are extremely important], the members of the body [with less spectacular gifts] which are considered to be at one’s disposal [such as helps, encouragement] are urgently needed,

 

1 Cor. 12:23 And those from the body [believers with so-called lesser gifts] we considered to be insignificant [internal organs], upon these [members of the body] we treat with complete respect [recognition]; so now our private bodily parts [genitals] have complete propriety [well clothed].

 

1 Cor. 12:24 Since our most respected parts of the body [genitalia] have no such need [to be publicly displayed]. But God has arranged the body together, having given abundant honor to that [bodily part] which is lacking [hidden from view],

 

1 Cor. 12:25 So that there might be no division [split] in the body, but that the members might have the same concern for one another of the same kind [care for fellow believers].

 

1 Cor. 12:26 Moreover, if one member is suffering, all the members may share the same suffering; and if one member receives honor, all the members may share in the inner happiness [espirit de corps].

 

1 Cor. 12:27 Now you [believers] are the body of Christ, and members individually.

 

1 Cor. 12:28 Indeed. So then, God placed [temporarily appointed] in the assembly: first, apostles [who lay the foundation of the church], second, prophets [communicators before the canon was completed], third, teachers [a special gift that didn’t require studying], then acts of power [miracles performed at will], then gracious gifts of healings [performed at will], helpers [settled disputes in the church], guides [steer the direction of the church], different languages [ability to speak foreign languages without studying them].

 

1 Cor. 12:29 Are all apostles? Are all prophets? Are all teachers? Are all miracle workers?

 

1 Cor. 12:30 Do all have gracious gifts of healings? Do all speak languages? Do all interpret?

 

1 Cor. 12:31 But you [as a church, not an individual] should make it a practice to show an interest in the greater grace gifts [teaching and administration, which have their permanent counterparts]. And yet I am going to explain [instruct by illustration] to you a way of Christian life of more surpassing excellence [outshines all the others].

 

1 Cor. 13:1 If I speak by means of the foreign languages of men and angels, but do not have the ability to exercise virtue [impersonal] love, I have become a bronze gong which makes nothing but continuous noise or a cymbal which makes a continuous clanging sound.

 

1 Cor. 13:2 Moreover, if [suppose for a moment] I have the gift of speaking the message of God [preaching before the canon was completed], and understand all types of mysteries [well known spiritual problems] and all kinds of knowledge [doctrinal knowledge before the completed canon], and if I have all manner of faith, so that I could remove mountains, but am unable to exercise virtue love [residence & function in the love complex], I am worth nothing.

 

1 Cor. 13:3 And if [suppose for a moment] I distributed all my possessions, and if I committed my body to torture as a martyr with the result that I might be legitmately proud of myself [bragging on his physical wounds], but am unable to exercise virtue [impersonal] love, I will be achieving nothing [God is not impressed: no reward for your efforts].

 

1 Cor. 13:4 The love complex [anti-personification for believers functioning in the sphere of love] is patient [endures pressures with fortitude], the love complex is kind [functions with integrity], never jealous; the love complex is never conceited [bragging about oneself], nor does it become arrogant;

 

1 Cor. 13:5 Does not behave improperly [dishonorably], does not strive for one’s own advantage [inordinate ambition], does not become irritable [easily hurt because of hypersensitivity], does not calculate evil [plot revenge],

 

1 Cor. 13:6 Does not get pleasure [kicks] from wrongdoing [function in the cosmic system], but shares pleasure [mutual enjoyment] in doctrine [studying the Word of God],

 

1 Cor. 13:7 Endures all types of things [longsuffering], has trust in all manner of things [positive mental attitude], has confidence in all categories of things [possesses a consistent systematic theology], stands firm on all kinds of things [endures all circumstances of life without wavering].

 

1 Cor. 13:8 The love complex never falls into ruin [is never phased-out, cancelled, or withdrawn from the church]; but if gifts of preaching the gospel message [preaching before the canon of Scripture was completed] currently exist: they will be canceled [when the canon of Scripture is completed]; if gifts of foreign languages currently exist [during the transition period between the Jewish and Gentile dispensations]: they will cease to exist; if a gift of knowledge [pre-canon, partial doctrinal information] currently exists: it will be replaced [by the completed canon of Scripture].

 

1 Cor. 13:9 For we [believers alive with Paul] have partial [incomplete] knowledge [spiritual gift] and we [believers alive with Paul] preach the partial [incomplete] good news [spiritual gift],

 

1 Cor. 13:10 But when the completed item [the completed canon of Scripture] arrives, the partial item [temporary, pre-canon gift] will be cancelled [nullified, abolished].

 

1 Cor. 13:11 When I was an infant [in the pre-canon period], I repeatedly spoke like an infant [temporary gift of languages], I continually thought like an infant [temporary gift of knowledge]; when I became a man [parallel with the completed canon of Scripture], I did away with childish things [temporary spiritual gifts].

 

1 Cor. 13:12 For now [in the transition period] we see [Christ] by means of a mirror [temporary spiritual gifts] into an obscure image [without the canon of Scripture], but then [when the canon is completed] face to face; now [in transition] I understand partially [to a limited degree without the canon], but then [when the canon is completed] I will fully understand [what I heard in part by the temporary spiritual gifts] to the same extent that I also have been known [knowledge of our character is known by both God and Scripture].

 

1 Cor. 13:13 Nevertheless [even though they didn’t have the completed canon], at the present time [after the temporary sign-gifts had ceased to function], these three things [problem-solving devices]: faith-rest [resting in the promises of God by faith], confidence [assurance from functioning in God’s protocol plan], virtue love [personal love for God and impersonal love towards mankind], remain [are permanent, continuing to function to this day], and the greatest of these is virtue love.

 

1 Cor. 14:1 Make it a habit to exercise virtue [impersonal] love, then [2nd priority] set your mind upon spiritual gifts, but [as a stipulation] so that you might communicate God’s message intelligently more than ever.

 

1 Cor. 14:2 Indeed, he who communicates with a foreign language is not communicating by human standards [not geared to the local assembly of believers, but to visiting unbelievers from another country], but through God [divine standards]; of course, not every individual [who doesn’t know the foreign language] should understand, since he is communicating mysteries [something formerly unknown is now made known] by the Spirit,

 

1 Cor. 14:3 But [in contrast to a foreign language] he who makes it a practice to speak God’s message intelligibly [in the commonly understood native tongue], communicates to men by strengthening [building a doctrinal structure in their soul] and encouraging [acting as their defense attorney] and comforting.

 

1 Cor. 14:4 He who speaks with a foreign language establishes himself [plants himself in the local assembly as one with the gift of languages, which can only be tested when visitors are present], but he who makes it a practice to speak God’s message intelligibly [in the commonly understood native language] encourages the church [has a greater influence on the general population].

 

1 Cor. 14:5 Now I wish you all could speak with a foreign language [particularly for the benefit of believing Israel], but rather that you would communicate with intelligence [for the benefit of the greater population]. So greater [with reference to impact] is he who communicates with intelligence than he who speaks with a foreign language, unless one [he] may translate, so that the local assembly might obtain an edification complex of the soul.

 

1 Cor. 14:6 Now then, brethren, if I come face-to-face to you speaking with a foreign language, what shall I profit [benefit] you, unless I was to communicate to you either by revelation [doctrinal truth not yet written], or by knowledge [doctrinal precepts], or by an intelligible message [the gospel], or by doctrinal principles?

 

1 Cor. 14:7 Even inanimate things which provide sound, for example a flute or a harp, if they did not provide a distinction between sounds, how could it be known what is being played on a flute or played on a harp?

 

1 Cor. 14:8 As a matter of fact, indeed, if the trumpet provided an indistinct sound, who would prepare himself for battle?

 

1 Cor. 14:9 In this same manner, you also, by a foreign language, unless you provide an intelligible message [easily understood in the local language], how will that which is spoken be understood? For you will be repeatedly speaking to the air [in vain, no ear receives it].

 

1 Cor. 14:10 There are, as it turns out, a large quantity of national languages in the world, and none are without meaning [the faculty for communication].

 

1 Cor. 14:11 If, therefore, I do not understand the meaning of the language, I will be, to the person who is conversing with me, a foreigner [not a native], and the person who is speaking a foreigner [not a native] to me.

 

1 Cor. 14:12 In the same manner you, that is, since you [as an assembly] are eager [desirous] for spirituals [gifts], always seek [as an assembly] for the purpose of building up [strengthening] the assembly, so that as a result you [collectively] might continue to abound [grow together in grace and knowledge].

 

1 Cor. 14:13 Therefore, let the person who speaks with a foreign language pray that one [he] may always translate [so others will understand].

 

1 Cor. 14:14 For if I made it a habit to pray with a foreign language, my [human] spirit might be engaged in praying, but my understanding would remain unfruitful [derives no benefit].

 

1 Cor. 14:15 What should it [my conclusion] be then? I will pray with the [human] spirit, but I will also pray with understanding [intellect]. I will sing praise with the spirit, but I will also sing praise with understanding [intellect].

 

1 Cor. 14:16 Otherwise, if you ask God’s blessing [upon food, persons, events] with the spirit, how is it possible for a person who is occupying [filling] an untrained [not conversant in any foreign languages] position [location] to reply Amen after your thanksgiving, since he does not understand what you are saying?

 

1 Cor. 14:17 For indeed you give thanks, but another of a different kind [a person not familiar with the language you are speaking] is not edified [built up, strengthened].

 

1 Cor. 14:18 I thank God I speak more languages than all of you,

 

1 Cor. 14:19 But in an assembly, I would rather speak five words with my understanding, so that I may instruct others of the same kind [those who speak the same language], rather than thousands of words with a foreign language.

 

1 Cor. 14:20 Brethren, stop being children [elementary school age] in understanding; on the contrary, be children [toddlers] with reference to evil [malice, wickedness], but keep on becoming mature [full-grown] with reference to understanding.

 

1 Cor. 14:21 It stands written in the law: “By speaking another language [other than their native tongue] and by lips of a different kind [foreigners to Israel], I will speak to this [chosen] people [Israel], but in spite of these [two means of communication], they will not obey Me,” said the Lord.

 

1 Cor. 14:22 Therefore, foreign languages are always for a sign, not to those who believe [fellow Christians], but to unbelievers [particularly Jews]. On the other hand, communicating doctrine with intelligence [prophesy] is a sign not for unbelievers, but to those who believe [fellow Christians].

 

1 Cor. 14:23 If, therefore, the entire local assembly came together at the same time, and everyone continues to speak foreign languages, and untrained persons [not skilled in foreign languages] or unbelievers entered, won’t they say that you [the entire local assembly] are insane [a congregation of lunatics]?

 

1 Cor. 14:24 But if everyone communicates doctrine with intelligence, and some unbeliever or untrained person [not skilled in foreign languages] enters, he might be convicted [proven guilty] by all kinds of things [doctrinal precepts: guilty of sin], he might be called to account [evaluated or judged] by all kinds of things [doctrinal principles: works and deeds are inadequate],

 

1 Cor. 14:25 With the result that the dark secrets of his mentality become manifest [revealed], and due to this [manifestation of his mentality], falling upon his face, he will worship God, proclaiming that God is certainly among you.

 

1 Cor. 14:26 Why is it then [this is not a commendation, but a rebuke], brethren, that when you come together, each of you always has a psalm [doctrine with a tune], always has a teaching [those with the pastor-teacher gift], always has a revelation [prophesy gift], always has a foreign language [tongue gift], always has an interpretation? Everything must always be done for the purpose of an edification complex of the soul.

 

1 Cor. 14:27 If anyone speaks a foreign language, (in some circumstances two [sentences], or at most three [sentences], and one at a time), emphatically one must always interpret [it must communicate],

 

1 Cor. 14:28 But if there is no interpreter, he must keep silent in the assembly; instead let him speak to himself [mulling things over] and to God.

 

1 Cor. 14:29 Moreover, two or three intelligent communicators of the truth may speak, then others of the same kind [fellow communicators] may evaluate;

 

1 Cor. 14:30 But if something is revealed to another of the same kind [fellow believer] who is present [sitting nearby], the person must always stop talking [let one person be silent before the other begins] first,

 

1 Cor. 14:31 Of course, you are all able [have the ability] to communicate the truth intelligently, one by one [in rotation], so that all [types] may keep on learning and all [kinds] may be repeatedly encouraged.

 

1 Cor. 14:32 Also, the spirituals [gifts] of intelligent communicators of the truth are always under the authority of [take a subordinate place to] the intelligent communicators of the truth.

 

1 Cor. 14:33 For God is not a source of disorder [confusion, sloppiness], but of order [harmony, self-regulation], as in all assemblies of saints.

 

1 Cor. 14:34 Women must always keep silent [stop talking] in the assemblies, for it is never permitted for them to speak; on the contrary [instead], they must always be under authority, just as the law [OT mandates] also states.

 

1 Cor. 14:35 Moreover, if they [women] wish to learn anything, they should always ask their own husbands at home, for it is always disgraceful [shameful] for a woman to speak in an assembly.

 

1 Cor. 14:36 What? Did the Word of God originate from you? Or did it reach you only?

 

1 Cor. 14:37 If any man is recognized [has the reputation] to be an intelligent communicator of the truth or a spiritually gifted person, let him acknowledge [recognize] the things I am writing to you, that it [my writing] is a mandate from the Lord.

 

1 Cor. 14:38 But if someone [who insists on speaking] remains ignorant [places his personal gifts and revelations above Bible doctrine], he should always be disregarded [pay no attention to him].

 

1 Cor. 14:39 Accordingly, brethren, continue showing a great interest in always communicating the truth with intellience, but do not hinder [prevent] speaking with foreign languages.

 

1 Cor. 14:40 Moreover, all things [particularly the exercise of spiritual gifts] must always be done properly [respectably] and according to an orderly fashion.

 

1 Cor. 15:1 And now, brethren, I will elaborate on [recall for your benefit] the good news to you, concerning which [gospel] I have proclaimed to you [in the past], which you also received [justification salvation], in which you stood fast in the past and are currently standing fast in [eternal security],

 

1 Cor. 15:2 By means of which you are also continually being delivered [experiential sanctification], assuming you continue to hold fast to [retain in memory] the teaching [doctrine] which I have proclaimed as the good news, unless you have maintained confidence without reason [uselessly professed allegiance].

 

1 Cor. 15:3 Indeed, I handed down to you [delivered and entrusted], in the first place [of preeminent importance], what I also received [Paul didn’t make this stuff up], that Christ died [spiritual death] as a substitute for our [believer’s, the elect] sins, according to the Scriptures.

 

1 Cor. 15:4 And that He was buried, and that He was raised [resurrected] the third day, according to the Scriptures.

 

1 Cor. 15:5 And that He was seen [eye witnesses to the resurrection] by Cephas [Peter], then by the twelve [disciples].

 

1 Cor. 15:6 Afterwards, He was seen by more than five hundred brethren at one time, out from whom most remain [are still alive] at the present time, but some have fallen asleep [died];

 

1 Cor. 15:7 Afterwards, He was seen by Jacob [James, the half-brother of Jesus], then by all the apostles,

 

1 Cor. 15:8 And last of all, as though a miscarriage [abnormal birth], He was seen by me,

 

1 Cor. 15:9 For I am the least [insignificant] of the apostles [the last, the 12th], who is not worthy [qualified] to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the assembly [church] of God,

 

1 Cor. 15:10 But by the grace of God I am what I am. Moreover, His grace towards me was not received without result [in vain]; on the contrary, I labored more than all of them [the other apostles], yet not I [not by the energy of the flesh], but the grace of God with me.

 

1 Cor. 15:11 Therefore, whether I or they [the other apostles], we always preach in this same manner [teaching the doctrine of the resurrection], and in the same manner, you believed.

 

1 Cor. 15:12 Now, if Christ is accurately preached, that He was raised [resurrected] out from the dead [both spiritual and bodily matter], how is it possible that some among you [who are in denial of the evidence] are continually saying that there is no resurrection of the dead?

 

1 Cor. 15:13 Now, if [but it’s not true] there is no resurrection of the dead, neither was Christ raised,

 

1 Cor. 15:14 And if Christ was not raised, then our preaching is indeed in vain [altogether an empty fallacy], and your belief is in vain,

 

1 Cor. 15:15 In fact, we are also found to be false witnesses of God [in His service], because we have testified concerning God [the Father] that He raised up Christ, Whom He did not raise up if it is true that the dead are not raised.

 

1 Cor. 15:16 For if the dead are not raised, neither was Christ raised in the past with the result that He still hasn’t been raised.

 

1 Cor. 15:17 Moreover, if Christ was not raised in the past with the result that He still hasn’t been raised, your faith is empty [void of truth]; furthermore, you remain in the sphere of your sins.

 

1 Cor. 15:18 Consequently, they also who have fallen asleep [bodily death] in Christ have perished in their sins [are therefore still under divine judgment].

 

1 Cor. 15:19 If during this life [before the resurrection], we make it a practice to live in Christ, maintaining confidence, we were pitiable compared to all kinds of men.

 

1 Cor. 15:20 But, now [no more false assumptions] (Christ has been raised in the past with the result that He is still raised out from the dead) fruitfruits [the guarantee] of those who have fallen asleep [died].

 

1 Cor. 15:21 For since death came through man [the first Adam], resurrection of the dead also came through man [the last Adam, Christ].

 

1 Cor. 15:22 For just as all [those represented by Adam] died in Adam, in a similar manner [through their representative in federal headship] also, all [those represented by Christ] shall be made alive in Christ.

 

1 Cor. 15:23 But each in his own proper order [turn, stage]: Christ, the firstfruit, then those belonging to Christ [the elect purchased at the cross] at His return [during the rapture],

 

1 Cor. 15:24 And then the perfect [New Heavens & New Earth], when He [the Lord as the Mediatorial King] will deliver the kingdom [royal power of the Perfect Age] to God, even the Father, when He has nullified [cancelled] all rule and all jurisdiction [authority] and power.

 

1 Cor. 15:25 For he [satan] must continue to rule it [the earth] until He [the Father] has relegated all His [the Spirit’s] enemies under His [Christ’s] feet.

 

1 Cor. 15:26 The last enemy, death, shall be abolished [neutralized by the resurrection].

 

1 Cor. 15:27 For He [the Father] has put all things [man, angels, and death] under the authority of His [Christ’s] feet [at the 2nd advent]. However, when He [the Father] said [in Psalm 8] that all things have been placed under the authority of in the past and will always be in subjection to Him [Christ], it is evident that this excludes Him [the Father] Who put all things under the authority of Him [Christ].

 

1 Cor. 15:28 Moreover, when all things have been placed in subjection to Him [Christ], then even the Son will be placed under the authority of Him [the Father] Who placed all things under the authority of Him [Christ], so that God [the united purpose of the Father and Son] might be united [of one accord] all in all [complete domination].

 

1 Cor. 15:29 Otherwise, what will they [some ignorant Christians who denied the resurrection] who are being baptized [a false practice] accomplish on behalf of the dead [why bother with such a ludicrous practice]? If the dead are not actually raised up [false assumption], then why are they [these ignorant Christians] being baptized on their behalf?  

 

1 Cor. 15:30 Why, then [if there is no resurrection], would we [Paul and his evangelistic followers] repeatedly risk danger every hour?  

 

1 Cor. 15:31 I am daily at death’s door, due to my pride in you, brethren, which I hold in Christ Jesus our Lord.  

 

1 Cor. 15:32 If [but it’s not true], according to the manner of man [exaggerated speaking], I have fought wild beasts in Ephesus [a form of torture in Paul’s day], what benefit is there for me [if there is no resurrection]? If the dead are not raised, let us eat and let us drink, for in a short while we will die.  

 

1 Cor. 15:33 Stop being deceived. Evil associations [bad company] will corrupt good morals [even between positive and negative believers].

 

1 Cor. 15:34 Come to your senses [stop being inebriated] as regards righteousness [the filling of the Spirit] and stop constantly sinning [confess your sins and get back into fellowship], for some [fellow believers whom you are associating with] have no spiritual perception [are ignorant of Bible doctrine] of God. I am speaking face-to-face to you [those of you who are not interested in the Word of God and who are living a life of constant sin] with shame.

 

1 Cor. 15:35 But someone [ignorant Corinthian believer] will ask: How are the dead raised up [what are the mechanics of the resurrection]? And what kind of body will they return with?

 

1 Cor. 15:36 Fool, what you are habitually sowing [as experiential sanctification] will not bring forth life [spiritual benefit] unless it has died [faced death during evidence testing],

 

1 Cor. 15:37 And what you are habitually sowing [during experiential sanctification], you are not sowing in order to receive [during ultimate santification] a body [resurrection body], but like an exposed seed [positional sanctification has already been obtained], you hope to turn into [by experiential sanctification] wheat [ultra-supergrace status], or something along the same line [a lesser but still important state of spiritual maturity],

 

1 Cor. 15:38 Moreover, God [as opposed to mans’ efforts] has given to Him [Jesus Christ] a body [resurrection body] in as much as He desired to do so, and to each sperm [believers only, because they are capable of producing life] its own body [resurrection body].

 

1 Cor. 15:39 All flesh [physical body] is not the same flesh; on the contrary, on the one hand [different from every other form of life], another of the same kind: man; on the other hand [different from man, but similar to other forms of life], another category of flesh: animals; and another category of flesh: fowl; and another category: fish.

 

1 Cor. 15:40 There are also celestial [heavenly, light-bearing] bodies, and terrestrial [earthly, light-reflecting] bodies, but on the one hand, the glory of the celestial [analogous to our resurrection body] is different; on the other hand, that of the terrestrial [analogous to our earthly body] is different.

 

1 Cor. 15:41 Another glory of the sun, and another glory of the moon, and another glory of the stars. As a matter of fact, star differs from star in glory [saints will also have different degrees of glory]. 

 

1 Cor. 15:42 In the same way, also, is the resurrection of the dead. It is sown in corruption [only lives a short time]. It is raised in incorruption [will live forever].

 

1 Cor. 15:43 It is sown in dishonor [having the sin nature]. It is raised in glory [having no sin nature]. It is sown in weakness [of the flesh]. It is raised in power [having no weakness of the flesh].

 

1 Cor. 15:44 It is sown a natural body [an organism animated by a soul]. It is raised a spiritual body [clothed in light]. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual.

 

1 Cor. 15:45 And so it was written in the past with the result that it stands written: The first man Adam was created a living soul [in the image of God], the last Adam [Jesus Christ] a life-giving Spirit. 

 

1 Cor. 15:46 However, the spiritual [resurrection body] was not first, but the natural [physical body], then [after death] the spiritual. 

 

1 Cor. 15:47 The first man [Adam] is out of the earth, made of dust; the second Man [Jesus Christ] from heaven. 

 

1 Cor. 15:48 Whatever is made of dust [its inherent characteristics], similarly also are those made of dust; and whatever is heavenly [its inherent characteristics], similarly also the heavenly. 

 

1 Cor. 15:49 Moreover, just as we have worn the likeness of one made of dust [Adam], we shall also wear the likeness of the heavenly One [Jesus Christ]. 

 

1 Cor. 15:50 Now [in conclusion], I mean this, brethren, that flesh and blood [the human body] is not able to inherit the kingdom of God [this requires a resurrection body], nor does corruption [subject to death] inherit incorruption [ability to live in eternity]. 

 

1 Cor. 15:51 Behold, I tell you a mystery: We shall not all die [some will be raptured], but we shall all be changed [the soul gets a new suit]. 

 

1 Cor. 15:52 In an instant [fraction of a second] , in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet [blowing assembly for the church], for the trumpet will sound and the dead shall be raised [at the rapture] incorruptible [with their resurrection body] and we [the ratpure generation] shall be changed [receive their resurrection body]. 

 

1 Cor. 15:53 For with reference to this corruptibility [those who are already dead], it must put on incorruptibility [their resurrection bodies], and this mortality [those who are still alive in a human body], it must put on immortality [their resurrection bodies]. 

 

1 Cor. 15:54 So after this corruptibility [those already dead] has put on incorruptibility [their resurrection bodies], and this mortality [those who are still alive at the rapture] has put on immortality [their resurrection bodies], then the message which was written in the past with the result that it stands written will come about: Death [all inclusive] has been swallowed [devoured] up in victory. 

 

1 Cor. 15:55 Where, death, is your victory? Where, death, is your sting?

 

1 Cor. 15:56 The sting of death [spiritual death] is sin [the old sin nature], and the power [strength] of sin is the law [adhering to legalism is the strength of sin].

 

1 Cor. 15:57 But thanks to God Who keeps on giving us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.

 

1 Cor. 15:58 Therefore, my beloved brethren, keep on becoming firm [stability in time], unmovable [confident application of doctrine], abounding always [divine good production] in the work of the Lord [by the filling of the Spirit], knowing for certain that your labor [divine good] is not without benefit [empty, serving no purpose] in the Lord.

 

1 Cor. 16:1 Now concerning the contribution [charity] for the saints, just as I have instructed [arrangements] the assemblies of Galatia [another confused bunch of Christians], in the same manner do you also.

 

1 Cor. 16:2 Around the first [one day] of the week, let each of you, if [hopefully] you are doing well [prospering economically], make it a practice to set aside [plan ahead of time] part of your own provision [retirement savings], so that when I return, there will not have to be collections [financial aid].

 

1 Cor. 16:3 However [as for those who have no retirement savings], until I arrive [as a temporary solution], whomever you approve by letters [mail service], I will send them to carry your goodwill support [financial aid] to Jerusalem [for those who are impoverished in that city],

 

1 Cor. 16:4 And if it is suitable [if the sum of money is large] that I also may travel, they [your chosen couriers] will travel with me.

 

1 Cor. 16:5 Now I plan [travel itinerary] on coming face-to-face to you after I pass through Macedonia, for I make it a habit to pass through Macedonia [on the way to Jerusalem]. 

 

1 Cor. 16:6 Moreover, if it turns out this way, I will stay with you; as a matter of fact, I am planning to stay the winter, so that you may accompany [escort] me wherever I may travel [either east to Jerusalem or west to Rome].

 

1 Cor. 16:7 So I will not see you in passing [giving them a chance to recover from his corrective letter] this time [it was a matter of timing], since I hope to stay with you for a while [to correct all the abuses I’ve heard about], if the Lord permits [it might not be the geographical will of God for him to do so].

 

1 Cor. 16:8 But I plan on staying in Ephesus until Pentecost.

 

1 Cor. 16:9 For a great and effective opportunity was opened in the past and remains open to me [there are still unbelievers in Ephesus that the Lord wants saved], even though there are many [human and demonic] who constantly oppose us.

 

1 Cor. 16:10 Now if Timothy makes an appearance, see to it that he may be with you without fear [make him feel welcomed, since he’s a rather sensitive guy], for he is constantly performing the works of the Lord, as I am also doing.

 

1 Cor. 16:11 Therefore, do not allow anyone to treat him with contempt [since he’s young and rather wimpy]. Instead, escort [accompany] him in peace [a friendly manner], so that he may come face-to-face to me [his ultimate destination], for I am waiting for [expecting] him with the brethren [Ephesian believers].

 

1 Cor. 16:12 Now concerning our brother, Apollos [acting independently from Paul], I frequently encouraged [begged] him, so that he might make an appearance face-to-face to you with the brethren, but he is not at all willing [absolutely no way] to come now [he was fed up with the Corinthians], but he will return when he has the opportunity [may never have happened].

 

1 Cor. 16:13 Be alert [observing historical trends], stand firm [be stabilized] in doctrine, act like men [behave like nobility], be strong [confident and filled with the Spirit].

 

1 Cor. 16:14 Let everything be done inside the love complex [as members of the royal family of God].

 

1 Cor. 16:15 You know the house of Stephanas, that it is the firstfruits of Achaia [in southern Greece]; moreover, they have devoted themselves for the purpose of service [not an office, but rather a work] to the saints. So I urge you, brethren,

 

1 Cor. 16:16 That you also should make it a practice to honor [show respect to] such, as well as each person [fellow workers] who has worked [cooperated] with us and grown weary.

 

1 Cor. 16:17 In addition, I am most happy at the coming of Stephanas and Fortunatus and Achaicus [his defensive line], because they have completed the measure of [made up for] what was lacking on your part,

 

1 Cor. 16:18 For they have refreshed my spirit and yours. Therefore, make it a habit to receive full knowledge from such persons.

 

1 Cor. 16:19 The assemblies of Asia [Roman province of Turkey] salute you. Aquila and Prisca salute you in the Lord, together with the assembly in their house [their tent-making business extended to a home ministry].

 

1 Cor. 16:20 All the brethren salute you. Salute one another with a holy kiss [or a culturally equivalent medium].

 

1 Cor. 16:21 The salutation is by my [authenticated] hand: Paul.

 

1 Cor. 16:22 If anyone does not love the Lord, let him be cursed. The Lord comes.

 

1 Cor. 16:23 Grace from our Lord Jesus be with you.

 

1 Cor. 16:24 My love is with you all in Christ Jesus. 

 

 

Resources

 

The Comprehensive John Calvin Collection on CD-ROM, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, John Calvin, 1998, www.ageslibrary.com                    

                    

The Collected Writings of John Gill on CD-ROM, Exposition on 1 Corinthians, John Gill, 2000, www.ageslibrary.com                    

                    

The Expositor's Bible Commentary on CD-ROM, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Frank E. Gaebelein, 2000, Zondervan Publishing House                    

                    

Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, 1 Corinthians, Leon Morris, 1979, Inter-Varsity Press                           

New Testament Exegesis, Werner Stenger, 1993, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company                                                       

Tapes and Publications, Robert B. Thieme, Jr., 1 Corinthians tapes, R.B. Thieme, Jr. Bible Ministries                    

                     

Christian Suffering, Robert B. Thieme, Jr., 1987, R.B. Thieme, Jr. Bible Ministries                                                    

A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament, Bruce M. Metzger, 1971, United Bible Societies                    

                   

Figures of Speech Used in the Bible, E.W. Bullinger, 1968, Baker Book House Company                                     

An Exposition of the First Epistle to the Corinthians, Charles Hodge, 1994, Eerdmans Publishing Company                    

                  

Bible Knowledge Commentary, 1 Corinthians, David K. Lowery, 1983, Chariot Victor Publishing                  

                  

Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (TDNT), Gerhard Kittel, 1967, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company                  

                 

Conflict and Community in Corinth, Ben Witherington III, 1995, William B. Eerdmans/Paternoster Press                 

                

How To Enjoy the Bible, E.W. Bullinger, 1990, Kregel Publications                

               

Word Pictures in the New Testament, 1 Corinthians, Archibald T. Robertson, 1931, Baker Book House               

                             

Revised New Bible Commentary, 1 Corinthians, Norman Hillyer, 1970, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company              

             

Commentary on the Whole Bible, 1 Corinthians, Matthew Henry, 1991, Hendrickson Publishers                        

To What End Exegesis? Gordon D. Fee, 2001, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company                   

Reign of the Servant Kings, Joseph Dillow, 1992, Schoettle Publishing Company         

         

Desiring God: Meditations of a Christian Hedonist, John Piper, 1996, Multnomah Press        

        

Word Studies in the New Testament, 1 Corinthians, Marvin R. Vincent, 1946, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company        

                

The Pleasures of God: Meditations on God's Delight in Being God, John Piper, 2000, Multnomah Publishing      

      

God Forgives Sinners, W.E. Best, 1978, W.E.Best Missionary Trust     

     

Toward An Exegetical Theology: Biblical Exegesis For Preaching and Teaching, Walter C. Kaiser, Jr., 1981, Baker Book House     

     

Word Meanings in the New Testament, Ralph Earle, 1986, Beacon Hill Press   

   

The Divine Outline of History: Dispensations and the Church, Robert B. Thieme, Jr., 1989, R.B. Thieme, Jr. Bible Ministries  

  

Paul's Idea Of Community, Robert Banks, 1994, Hendrickson Publishers 

 

Biblical Hermeneutics: A Treatise on the Interpretation of the Old and New Testaments, Milton Terry, 1990, Academie Books

 

The Justification of God, John Piper, 1993, Baker Books

 

The Cross in the New Testament, Leon Morris, 1965, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company        

 

Anti-Semitism, R.B. Thieme, Jr., 1991, R.B. Thieme, Jr. Bible Ministries

 

The Hermeneutical Spiral, Grant R. Osborne, 1991, InterVarsity Press

 

Systematic Theology, Louis Berkof, 1981, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company        

 

The Integrity of God, Robert B. Thieme, Jr., 1998, R.B. Thieme, Jr. Bible Ministries

 

Satan: His Motives and Methods, Lewis Sperry Chafer, 1964, Zondervan Publishing House

 

Reversionism, Robert B. Thieme, Jr., 2000, R.B. Thieme, Jr. Bible Ministries

 

Death and the Afterlife, Robert A. Morey, 1984, Bethany House Publishers

 

The Sovereignty of Grace, Arthur C. Custance, 1979, Baker Book House

 

Still Sovereign: Contemporary Perspectives on Election, Foreknowledge, and Grace, Thomas S Schreiner & Bruce A. Ware, 2000, Baker Book House

 

By His Grace and For His Glory: A Historical, Theological, and Practical Study of the Doctrines of Grace in Baptist Life, Thomas J. Nettles, 1986, Baker Book House

 

The Saviour’s Definite Redemption, W.E. Best, 1982, WEBBMT Publishing

 

Eternal Security, Arthur W. Pink, 1974, Baker Book House

 

The Lord’s Freedman, Keith W. Lamb, 1995, Treasure House

 

Bible Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, 2002, Hendrickson Publishers

 

Things To Come: A Study in Biblical Eschatology, J. Dwight Pentecost, 1981, Zondervan Publishing

 

God Centered Evangelism, R.B. Kuiper, 1978, Banner of Truth Trust

 

The Millennial Kingdom: A Basic Text in Premillennial Theology, John F. Walvoord, 1978, Zondervan Publishing House

 

1 Corinthians, Simon Kistemaker, 1997, Baker Books

 

Redemption Accomplished and Applied, John Murray, 1980, Eerdmans Publishing

 

The Holy Spirit, Arthur W. Pink, 1970, Baker Book House

 

The Sovereign God, James M. Boice, 1978, Inter-Varsity Christian Fellowship

 

Justification Before God, W.E. Best, 1992, WEBBMT

 

The Death of Death in the Death of Christ, Volume 10, John Owen, 1978, Banner of Truth Trust

 

Definite Atonement, Gary D. Long, 1977, Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company

 

For Whom Did Christ Die? A Study of the Divine Design of the Atonement, R.B. Kuiper

 

Biblical and Theological Studies, Benjamin Warfield, 1975, Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company

 

1 Corinthians, Ralph P. Martin, 1988, Word Biblical Themes

 

An Idiom Book of New Testament Greek, C.F.D. Moule, 1994, Cambridge University Press

 

Absolutely Free, Zane Hodges, 1989, Zondervan Publishing

 

Gifts of the Spirit, Ronald E. Baxter, 1983, Kregel Publications

 

Biblical Interpretation and the Church: The Problem of Contextualization, D.A. Carson, 1985, Thomas Nelson Publishers

 

God the Redeemer, J.M. Boice, 1978, InterVarsity Press

 

New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology, Colin Brown: J. Stafford Wright, 1971, Zondervan Publishing

 

Exegetical Fallacies, D.A. Carson, 1984, Baker Books

 

Biblical Words & Their Meaning, Moises Silva, 1983, Academie Books

 

Biblical Hermeneutics, Walter Kaiser,1994, Zondervan Publishing

 

The Epistles of Paul to the Corinthians, Arthur P. Stanley, London, 1876

 

The Letters to the Corinthians, William Barclay, 1975, Westminister Press

 

Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Lange, Eerdmans Publishing

 

Millennialism: The Two Views, Charles L. Feinberg, 1980, Moody Press

 

Systematic Theology, L.S. Chafer, 1948, Dallas Seminary Press

 

First Corinthians, Gordon H. Clark, 1975, The Trinity Foundation

 

First Corinthians, Pulpit Commentary: J. Exell, H. Spence, F.W. Farrar, D. Thomas, E. Hurndall, C. Lipscomb, D. Fraser, J.R. Thompson, R. Tuck, J. Waite, H. Bremner, 1962, Eerdmans Publishing Company

 

First Epistle to the Corinthians, Clarence T. Craig, 1953, Abingdon Press

 

Commentary on 1st Corinthians, R. C. Lenski

 

Commentary on 1st Corinthians, J.W. Robbins, 1975, The Trinity Foundation

 

Discord in Corinth, L. Welborn, 1987, Journal of Biblical Literature

 

Zwingli and Bullinger, G.W. Bromiley: Ulrich Zwingli, 1953, Westminister Press

 

Gospel and Law: Contrast or Continuum? Daniel P. Fuller, 1980, Eerdmans Publishing

 

Once Saved, Always Saved, R.T. Kendall, 1985, Moody Press

 

First Corinthians, F.F. Bruce, 1994, Eerdmans Publishing

 

The Basis of the Premillennial Faith, Charles C. Ryrie, 1983, Loizeaux Brothers

 

Greek Historical Thought, Arnold J. Toynbee, 1952, Mentor Books

 

The Lord’s Supper: Believer’s Church Perspectives, Dale R. Stoffer, 1997, Herald Press

 

Gnosticism in Corinth, W. Schmithals, 1971

 

The Scrolls and the New Testament, K. Stendahl, 1958

 

Signs of the Apostles, Walter J. Chantry, 1979,  Banner of Truth Trust

 

The Charismatics, John F. MacArthur, Jr., 1978, Zondervan Publishing

 

The Charismatic Movement, John R. Rice, 1976, Sword of the Lord Publishers

 

God’s Gift of Tongues, George W. Zeller, 1980, Loizeaux Brothers

 

The Corinthian Catastrophe, George E. Gardiner, 1974, Kregel Publications

 

New Testament Teaching on Tongues, Merrill F. Unger, 1982, Kregel Publications

 

Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Weymouth, 1979, Eerdmans

 

First Corinthians, R. Parry

 

Gifts of the Spirit, Ronald E. Baxter, 1982, Kregel Publications

 

Perspectives on the New Pentecostalism, Russell P. Spittler, 1976, Baker Books, W.J. Samarin

 

Western Theological Seminary class notes, K. Olberholtzer

 

The Lord’s Supper in Light of Sola Scriptura, Tape 4: The Lord’s Table/Supper in 1 Cor. 10, 11, Stephen Rodabaugh, 2001

 

The Lord’s Supper in Light of Sola Scriptura, Tape 1: “Eat,” “Bread,” “Breaking of Bread,” and “Covenant” in Scripture, Robert Walsh, 2001

 

The Problem of the Lord’s Supper, Albert Schweitzer, 1982, Mercer University Press

 

Ascetic Eucharists: Food and Drink in Early Christian Ritual Meals, Andrew McGowan, 1999, Clarendon Press Oxford

 

The Lord’s Supper in Light of Sola Scriptura, Tape 3: The Last Passover of Christ and the Twelve/Eleven, James Hilston, 2001

 

Early Quaker Doctrine of Communion in the Light of the New Testament, Mahlon L. Macy

 

The Eucharistic Words of Jesus, Joachim Jeremias, 1966, Fortress Press

 

Mass and Lord’s Supper, H. Leitzmann, 1966, Leiden

 

Last Supper and Lord’s Supper, I Howard Marshall, Biblical and Theological Classics Library, 1997, Paternoster Press

 

The Lord’s Supper in the New Testament, A.J.B. Higgins, 1964, Studies in Biblical Theology No. 6, SCM Press

 

The Lord’s Supper As A Covenant Meal in 1 Corinthians 11:17-34, William C. Laughlin, Jr., 1983, DTS Thesis

 

The Lord’s Supper in Light of Sola Scriptura, Tape 2: Rabbinical Passover, Communion, and Passover as Meal-in-Common, Stephen Rodabaugh, 2001

 

The Lord’s Supper: Complexity of the Topic - Donald F. Durnbaugh

 

A Testament of Devotion, Thomas R. Kelly

 

The Lord’s Supper in Light of Sola Scriptura, Tape 5: Paul’s Law and Traditional Communion, James Hilston, 2001

 

Texts and Illustrated Monuments Relating to the Mysteries of Mithra, Franz Cumont, 1903, Chicago, Open Court, http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/mom/index.htm

 

Entrance Into the Kingdom, Robert Govett, 1978, Conley & Schoettle Publishing

 

Where Did We Ever Get the Notion that the "Elements" of the Lord's Supper Constitute a "Supper"? Eric Svendsen, 2005, New Testament Research Ministries

 

The Lord's Supper - Feast or Famine? Steve Atkerson, 2007, NTRF

 

Dispensational Truth: The Place of Israel and the Church in the Purpose of the Ages, Charles H. Welch, 1927, L.A. Canning Publishers

 

First Corinthians: Christianity in a Hostile Culture, Dan Mitchell, 2004, AMG Publishers

 

Studies in First Corinthians, M.R. DeHaan, 1971, Zondervan Publishing House

 

Gifts and Graces: A Commentary on 1 Corinthians 12-14, Arnold Bittlinger, 1974, William B. Eerdmans Publishing

 

The First Epistle to the Corinthians, Gordon D. Fee, 1987, William B. Eerdmans Publishing

 

The First Epistle to the Corinthians, Frederic Louis Godet, 1971, Zondervan Publishing House

 

1 Corinthians, David E. Garland, 2003, Baker Academic

 

The First Epistle to the Corinthians, Anthony C. Thiselton, 2000, NIGTC, William B. Eerdmans Publishing

 

1 Corinthians, Thomas L. Constable, 2007, Sonic Light

 

Notes of Readings on 1 Corinthians, John N. Darby, Stem Publishing

 

Mass and Lord’s Supper: A Study in the History of the Liturgy, Hans Lietzmann, 1979, E.J. Brill

 

A Further Inquiry Into Eucharistic Origins With Special Reference to New Testament Problems, R.D. Richardson, 1979, E.J. Brill

 

A Jewish Note on the Cup of Blessing, D. Cohn-Sherbok, 1981, NTS

 

Paul and Rabbinic Judaism, W.D. Davies, 1955, SPCK Press

 

The Lord’s Table: Eucharist and Passover in Early Christianity, Gillian Feeley-Harnik, 1981, University of Pennsylvania Press

 

After Paul Left Corinth: The Influence of Secular Ethics and Social Change, Bruce W. Winter, 2001, William B. Eerdmans Publishing

 

1 Corinthians: The Grace New Testament Commentary, Dwight L. Hunt, 2010, Grace Evangelical Society