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Biblical Exegesis

Philippians

 
 
 
ATTENTION BIBLE STUDENTS:

My translation of this book from the original languages is provided below. Everything inside brackets is commentary that is meant to assist the reader in understanding certain doctrines and concepts germaine to the context.
 
My Technical Analysis, Translation Notes, and Relevant Highlights from famous commentators are available in PDF form on the DOWNLOAD page. You may access this document in a separate browser window through the link below. A list of resources is also provided at the bottom of this page should you wish to pursue reading on your own.
 
KW = Kenneth Wuest's expanded translation
KJV = King James Version (committee effort)
LWB = My translation & occasional notes

CLICK HERE to open Commentary of Philippians (in separate browser window)

Philp. 1:1 Paul and Timothy, bondslaves belonging to Christ Jesus, to all the saints in union with Christ Jesus [positional truth], the ones who are located in and around Philippi, together with overseers [pastors, teachers] and deacons [table waiters]:

 

Philp. 1:2 Grace [logistical blessings] to you and prosperity [supergrace blessings] from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

 

Philp. 1:3 I keep on giving thanks to God on the basis of my entire memory [corporate fondness] of you all [the entire congregation], 

 

Philp. 1:4 (Always remembering you in every prayer of mine, while offering continual prayer with inner happiness on behalf of all of you), 

 

Philp. 1:5 Because of your generous contribution [financial gift] towards the purpose of furthering the Gospel, from that first day [prior contribution in Thessalonica] until [including their 2nd gift in Corinth] now [most recent contribution in Rome],  

 

Philp. 1:6 Being confident of this thing [doctrinal truth] itself: that the One and only One [God the Father] Who started a good work in you [justification salvation], will fully complete His work [glorification salvation] until the day of Christ Jesus [the rapture],  

 

Philp. 1:7 In so far as it is right [natural] for me to hold this correct opinion concerning all of you [favorable conclusions based on clear objective thinking], because I have you all [my favorite congregation] in the mentality of my soul [spiritual rapport], while in my imprisonments and in the defense [legal plea: Not Guilty of any crime] and the confirmation of the good news [when presenting the gospel & related doctrines to Nero’s court], all of you being partners during this practical application of grace [sharing in Paul’s accomplishments because they helped sustain his ministry financially].  

 

Philp. 1:8 For God is my witness as to how I long after all of you [I miss you] with the emotions [fragrant memories] characterized by Christ Jesus.   

 

Philp. 1:9 In fact, I myself repeatedly [by intercession] pray this: That your virtue love might be extremely rich and abundant [supergrace A], still more [supergrace B], even to a greater degree [Ultra-supergrace], by means of full knowledge [a soul saturated with Bible doctrine] and all spiritual discernment [Christian common sense & wisdom],   

 

Philp. 1:10 So that as a result you may test and approve those things which are really important to you [priorities], so that you may be tested by sunlight [Bible doctrine] and found pure in motives [perfect integrity & scale of values in thought] and without offense [outer conduct that does not betray the inner integrity] unto the day of Christ [the rapture],   

 

Philp. 1:11 Being filled to the point of overflowing [a full harvest] with the fruit [SG2 & SG3 blessings] of righteousness [profound spiritual progress], the fruit which is from Jesus Christ for the glory [inner revelation] and praise [outer expression] of God.   

 

Philp. 1:12 Now brethren, after mature consideration I want you all to comprehend that my extreme circumstances [imprisonments & lawsuits] have come upon me on numerous occasions for the advance of the good news,   

 

Philp. 1:13 With the result that my imprisonments due to Christ have been made well known [by public notice & gossip] throughout the entire Praetorian Guard and to all the rest [SPQR: citizens of Rome].    

 

Philp. 1:14 In fact, the majority of the brethren, because of my imprisonments in the Lord, have become confident and are continuing to be confident [due to doctrine in their soul] to have courage beyond measure to communicate the Word [both gospel and doctrine] without fear.     

 

Philp. 1:15 On the one hand [with false motivation], some people [reversionists] are proclaiming Christ even because of envy [pride, ambition] and strife [rivalry, contention], but on the other hand, others [with true motivation] even because of goodwill.     

 

Philp. 1:16 On the one hand, certain people [with true motivation] out of virtue love have known and continue to know that I myself am destined for the defense [apologetics] of the good news;     

 

Philp. 1:17 On the other hand, certain people [with false motivation] out of selfish ambition are proclaiming Christ, not with pure motives [they have the ulterior motive of devisive self-promotion], thinking within themselves [supposing] that they might apply mental pressure [psychological stress] to my bonds [add further torment to Paul while he is in prison].     

 

Philp. 1:18 What then is my conclusion? Only that in every way, whether with falsely alleged motives [pretext] or with true motives, Christ is being proclaimed. As a matter of fact, I am maintaining inner happiness during this [proclamation of Christ with false motivation]; and furthermore, I plan to continue maintaining this inner happiness in the future.   

 

Philp. 1:19 Indeed, I know that this event [the proclamation of Christ] shall lead to my deliverance [release from prison] through your prayers and monetary support motivated by the Spirit of Jesus Christ.   

 

Philp. 1:20 According to my earnest expectation [intense concentration] and confidence [in doctrine], so that I shall be disgraced in nothing [at the Judgment Seat of Christ], but with all courage [fearlessness in supergrace A], as always [looking forward to ultra-supergrace], even now at this present time [in supergrace B], Christ shall be magnified in my person [spiritual maturity], whether by life [supergrace blessings] or whether by death [dying grace blessings].   

 

Philp. 1:21 Because for me, living [is occupation with] Christ, likewise, dying [is] gain [face-to-face with Christ with rewards & decorations].   

 

Philp. 1:22 But since this living in the flesh is for me the fruit of [additional] production [rewards], then I do not know which one [living or dying] I should choose for myself.   

 

Philp. 1:23 In fact, I am hard pressed [in a dilemma] between the two [options], having the desire to weigh anchor [depart from this life] and so [as a result] to be together with Christ, because [this alternative is] more preferable by far,   

 

Philp. 1:24 Yet to remain in the flesh [alive on earth] is more necessary [urgent need] for you all.    

 

Philp. 1:25 And having this confidence, I know that I shall remain [alive on earth] and shall continue serving all of you for the purpose of your spiritual progress [advance to higher stages of supergrace], even [especially] your inner happiness from the source of doctrine,    

 

Philp. 1:26 So that your confidence may continue to abound [multiply] in Christ Jesus by means of myself [as your teacher], by my face-to-face return to you again.    

 

Philp. 1:27 Only [at all costs] always lead your life responsibly [as citizens of heaven] in a manner worthy of the Gospel about Christ [royal family honor code], so that whether I come and see you or whether I remain absent, I may hear from time to time things [reports] about you all, that you have been and are continuing to be stabilized [holding your ground] by means of one and the same spirit [maturity] and by means of one and the same soul [teamwork], continually fighting together [angelic conflict] for the doctrine of the Gospel.    

 

Philp. 1:28 Likewise, do not be intimidated [fear-panic ploy] in any way by those who are your enemies [reversionists], which is a sign [evidence] of destruction [impending doom] for them, but for you, deliverance, and this [deliverance] from God,    

 

Philp. 1:29 Because it [saving faith & suffering for blessing] has been graciously given [by the sovereignty of God] to you [the elect] on behalf of Christ, not only to believe on Him [salvation], but also to suffer [suffering for blessing spurs our spiritual growth] on His behalf [persecution, torture, imprisonment and other disaster tests],    

 

Philp. 1:30 Having [being engaged in] the same struggle [angelic conflict] which you saw in me and now you are hearing through me [as a seasoned veteran].    

 

Philp. 2:1 Therefore, if there is any exhortation [admonition that can move you to action] in the sphere of Christ [and there is: from Bible doctrine], if there is any incentive to virtue love [and there is: from Bible doctrine], if there is any fellowship with the Spirit [and there is: from Bible doctrine], if there is any emotional response and [resultant] tender mercies [and there is: from Bible doctrine],    

Philp. 2:2 Bring my inner happiness to completion [filled to the point of overflowing], so that you might keep on thinking [good decisions from a position of strength] the same category of things [systematic theology in the soul], having the same virtue love [occupation with Christ in supergrace A], united in soul rapport [in supergrace B], concentrating together on one thing [having the mind of Christ in ultra-supergrace],    

 

Philp. 2:3 Doing nothing on the basis of [motivated by] selfish ambition nor on the basis of delusion [false doctrine], but by means of genuine humility [grace orientation] be regarding each other as having surpassed yourselves [absence of spiritual competition],    

 

Philp. 2:4 Not repeatedly concentrating on every one of the interests of yourselves [avoid arrogant hypersensitivity], but also [being thoughtful towards] every one of the interests [pressures] of others [concern for others as they advance in the spiritual life].    

 

Philp. 2:5 Keep on thinking this [doctrine] within you, which [doctrine] was also in Christ Jesus,     

Philp. 2:6 Who although He pre-existed [pre-incarnate Christ] in the form [divine essence] of God [Christ as eternal God], He did not consider equalities with God [the other two members of the Trinity] to be a gain to be seized and retained [spiritual booty],     

 

Philp. 2:7 But He deprived Himself [by exercising divine sovereignty] of the proper function of Deity [kenosis] when He took upon Himself the form [inner essence] of a slave, although He had been born [entered into the new state of humanity] in the overt likeness [resemblance] of men. In fact, although having been discovered in outward appearance like a man [humanly speaking],     

 

Philp. 2:8 He humbled Himself [voluntarily submitted to the Father] by becoming obedient to the point of spiritual death, that is, the spiritual death of the cross.      

 

Philp. 2:9 Therefore, God [the Father was the Originator of the plan] then super-exalted Him [the resurrection, ascension & session of Christ] and bestowed on Him the Name [rank] which is above every Name,      

 

Philp. 2:10 In order that in the presence of Jesus, every knee in the heavens [elect angels go 1st] shall bow [genuflex], including those on earth [believers, humans go 2nd] and under the earth [the underworld goes 3rd, bowing in defeat],      

 

Philp. 2:11 And every tongue will verbally acknowledge that Jesus Christ is Lord, resulting in the glory of God the Father.       

 

Philp. 2:12 So then, my beloved [special group of mature believers], just as you have always [every single day] obeyed my authority, not only in my presence, but also now much more in my absence [non-resident pastor-teacher], keep on accomplishing [advance to ultra-supergrace] with reverence [caution & vigilance] and respect [for Bible doctrine] your own preservation in danger [sanctification salvation],        

 

Philp. 2:13 Since it is God [the Holy Spirit] Who continues to work in you [inner spiritual dynamics], both to will [motivation] and to do [function] with a view to the good pleasure [ultra-supergrace status].        

 

Philp. 2:14 Keep doing all things without complaining [to God] or arguing [with men], 

 

Philp. 2:15 In order that you yourselves might become blameless in all respects [not involved in the arrogance complex of sins] and innocent as far as evil is concerned [not involved in the hatred complex of sins], students of God [always learning], blameless [impeccable thoughts and behavior] in the midst of a crooked [unscrupulous] and  perverse [depraved] generation, among whom [not in isolation] you yourselves may shine as lights [providing historical impact] in the world [Satan’s cosmic system],         

 

Philp. 2:16 Continually concentrating on the Word of Life [Bible doctrine], so that I myself may have a reason for boasting [being proud of my students] with reference to the day of Christ [rewards at the Judgment Seat], so that I have not exerted myself to the limit [studying] in vain nor struggled [teaching] in vain.          

 

Philp. 2:17 But even if I am poured out as a libation [demanding life of a pastor-teacher] upon the altar of spiritual sacrifice [studying] and service [teaching] with reference to your doctrine [so you can grow], I keep on having inner happiness and I congratulate all of you [for keeping up with me].          

Philp. 2:18 Now for this same reason [because you have been progressing in the spiritual life due to Bible doctrine], you yourselves [those who have been consistently positive towards Paul’s teaching] should also keep on having inner happiness; in fact, you ought to congratulate me [for teaching you so well that you are approaching maturity].       

 

Philp. 2:19 Now I expect by the authority [divine permission] of Jesus to send Timothy to you as soon as possible, so that I may also have tranquility of soul when I come to know things concerning you [your status quo],       

 

Philp. 2:20 For I have no one of equal soul [supergrace soul rapport], who would be genuinely concerned [due to the very nature of spiritual maturity] with reference to the things concerning you [your affairs & spiritual welfare],        

 

Philp. 2:21 For they all [believers in Rome] keep seeking their own things [arrogant preoccupation with themselves], not the things [concerns, interests] of Jesus Christ.        

 

Philp. 2:22 But [in contrast to the Romans] you have come to know his [Timothy’s] character, that as a student-teacher [apprentice], he has labored as a slave [serving you] together with me for the sake of the gospel [Bible doctrine].        

 

Philp. 2:23 Therefore, on the one hand, I expect to send this one [Timothy] immediately, as soon as I am able to see [ascertain] the things concerning me [my status quo];         

 

Philp. 2:24 But on the other hand, I have complete confidence in the Lord [occupation with Christ] that I myself will also return to you soon.         

 

Philp. 2:25 But now I consider it necessary [a pressing need] to send Epaphroditus face-to-face to you, my brother [fellow believer] and co-worker [in doctrine] and comrade-in-arms [soldier in the angelic conflict], your highest ranking one [ambassador, spiritual envoy], even a minister with reference to my needs [companion to Paul in his time of need],

 

Philp. 2:26 Because he was longing to be with all of you [homesick] and was concerned [distressed] because you heard [a rumour] that he was critically ill,     

 

Philp. 2:27 For truly he was so critically ill that he nearly died, but God had mercy on him, and not only him, but also me [blessing by association], so that I might not have sorrow upon sorrow [excessive grief].     

 

Philp. 2:28 Therefore, I have sent him [Epaphroditus] with great urgency, so that when you see him again, you may have restored happiness and I may be less anxious.     

 

Philp. 2:29 Therefore, you yourselves welcome him back with anticipation [throw your arms around him] in the Lord with all inner happiness; also, keep on holding [treating] such a high quality person as this [your envoy] with great respect [highest honor & esteem],

 

Philp. 2:30 Because due to the work [business] of Christ, he came close to the point of death, when he recklessly exposed his own life, in order that he might bring to completion your lack of service [unfinished business] face-to-face with me [social life].     

 

Philp. 3:1 In addition, my brethren, keep on having inner happiness in the Lord. To repeatedly write these same things to you [continual reminders] is to be sure not boring [tiring] to me, but for your sound foundation [keeps you from falling into reversionism].     

 

Philp. 3:2 Beware of those dogs [their nature as reversionistic believers], beware of those evil workers [their practice of opposing Paul’s ministry], beware of the mutilations [their legalistic & ritualistic message],     

 

Philp. 3:3 For as for us, we [supergrace believers] keep on being the true circumcision [by adherence to correct divine protocol for the spiritual life], the ones who continually worship in the Spirit of God [you must be in fellowship] and who boast [supergrace esprit de corps] in Christ Jesus, and who have not had in the past and still do not have confidence in the flesh [human ability, external rites, ceremonies, and rituals are irrelevant],     

 

Philp. 3:4 Although in spite of that [even though Paul now worships in the Spirit and not the flesh], I myself could also have confidence in the flesh [legalistic religion was Paul’s life in the past]. If anyone of the same category [fellow Jewish believers] presumes to have complete confidence in the flesh [like the false Judaistic teachers], I myself have more [Paul’s superiority in legalism was publicly known in times past]:     

 

Philp. 3:5 Circumcision on the eighth day, from the race of Israel [not a proselyte], from the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew from the Hebrews [born of conservative Hebrew parents], with reference to the law a Pharisee [a separatist],     

 

Philp. 3:6 With reference to zeal [ruthlessness] having persecuted the church [breathing out threatenings and slaughter], with reference to righteousness having myself become blameless in the law [a model Jew],      

 

Philp. 3:7 But what quality of things [thought by some to be spiritual assets] were gains to me [debit side of the ledger], I concluded in the past [on the road to Damascus] and am still concluding as an expert to this very day [as an apostle] those things as loss [credit side of the ledger] because of Christ.       

 

Philp. 3:8 Indeed, and I cannot emphasize this enough, I myself also conclude the all things [my former human celebrityship] to be loss [a hindrance to the spiritual life] compared to the surpassing greatness of the knowledge of [intimate fellowship with] Christ Jesus my Lord, for Whom I have been caused to suffer the loss of all things [human status: money, family, friends, easy living]. In fact, I myself conclude [after mature consideration, all these things to be] piles of excrement, in order that I may gain Christ [appropriate His spiritual life and perfections as my own],      

 

Philp. 3:9 Also that I may be found in Him [living a progressive spiritual life on earth in union with Christ], not holding up my own righteousness from the law [illegitimate], but that [righteousness] through the faithfulness of Christ [legitimate], that righteousness from God within the context of faith [doctrine],

 

Philp. 3:10 So that I may come to know Him [in spiritual self-esteem] and the power of His resurrection [in spiritual autonomy] and the fellowship of His sufferings [in spiritual maturity], taking on the same form unto His death [having attained supergrace A],

 

Philp. 3:11 If in some way [whether free or imprisoned] I might cross the goal-line [attain ultra-supergrace status] to the exit-resurrection [a special resurrection by rank at the rapture] out from among the dead ones [separated from unbelievers in eternity and loser believers by rank]. 

 

Philp. 3:12 Not that I have already obtained [ultra-supergrace status] or have already reached the objective [the pinnacle of spiritual progress], but I am continuing to pursue so that I may also obtain that [ultra-supergrace status] for which [purpose] I was also overtaken [divinely grasped on the Damascus Road] by Christ Jesus [seized and held by God’s grace]. 

 

Philp. 3:13 Brethren, as for me, I evaluate myself [draw an objective conclusion] as not yet having attained it [ultra-supergrace status]. However, one thing is for sure: on the one hand, I am constantly forgetting the things [testing, suffering, discipline for reversionism] which lie behind [not focusing on the past], and on the other hand, pursuing vigorously the objective ahead [ultra-supergrace status].

 

Philp. 3:14 I keep on advancing [from supergrace B] towards the goal [ultra-supergrace], for the prize [reward] of the upward [heavenly] station in life [ruling & reigning in the Millennium as a winner believer] from God [Who designed the plan] in Christ Jesus.

 

Philp. 3:15 Therefore, as many as are mature ones [in supergrace A or B status], let us continue objective thinking [divine viewpoint]. In fact, if you are thinking differently [negative attitude], God will reveal even that [human viewpoint] to you.

 

Philp. 3:16 By means of which [objective thinking & convicting ministry of the Spirit] we attain the objective [ultra-supergrace status]. In any case, keep advancing in rank [following Paul’s teaching] towards it [ultra-supergrace].

 

Philp. 3:17 You yourselves try to become co-imitators of me [follow Paul’s self-disciplined example], brethren, and keep your eyes open [search] for those [pastors] who are conducting themselves in this manner [advancing in the spiritual life], just as you have us [Paul, Timothy & Epaphroditus] as an example;

 

Philp. 3:18 For many [reversionistic pastors] are walking about concerning whom I have told you about many times [repeated warnings], and even now I am telling you again [hammering it home] while weeping vehemently, they [cosmic pastors, teachers, and other believers] are personal enemies of the cross of Christ [hostile toward the grace of God],

 

Philp. 3:19 Whose end [termination of their life] is ruin [sin unto death], whose god is their emotions [emotional revolt of the soul] and whose fame is by means of their dishonor [complete lack of integrity], who continue to hold opinions which are earthly [human viewpoint as opposed to divine viewpoint].

 

Philp. 3:20 So then, our citizenship [as spiritual aristocrats] exists in the heavens [as opposed to the earth where we find ourselves], even from which we ourselves are eagerly waiting for the Saviour, the Lord Jesus Christ [at the rapture],

 

Philp. 3:21 Who shall change the form of the body [corruptible] of our humble station in life [since the fall of Adam] into conformity with the body [incorruptible] of His glory [ultimate sanctification occurs at the rapture], according to the operating power [divine omnipotence] from which He Himself is also able to bring under His ultimate authority the all things [all creatures, angelic, animate and inanimate objects in creation]. 

 

Philp. 4:1 Therefore, my brethren [non-supergrace believers] and beloved ones [supergrace believers], my inner happiness [expressing joy in seeing non-supergrace believers growing] and my wreath [‘Ultra Cross’ crown of glory reserved for ultra-supergrace believers], in this same way [previously mentioned mandates for the spiritual life] stand firm in the Lord [stabilized in the spiritual life], beloved ones [the Lord cares about all believers].

 

Philp. 4:2 I urge Euodia and I urge Syntyche to be of the same mind [doctrinal thinking] in the Lord.

 

Philp. 4:3 Indeed, I also authorize you, loyal Syzygus, to seize them [church discipline], who fought at my side [spiritual gladiatorial arena] in the Gospel along with Clement and the rest of my co-workers, whose names are in the Book of Life [honor roll of winner believers].

 

Philp. 4:4 Keep on having inner happiness in the Lord at all times. Again, I say and will continue saying: Keep on having inner happiness.

 

Philp. 4:5 Let your relaxed mental attitude [grace orientation] be known to all men. The Lord is near [imminency of the rapture]. 

 

Philp. 4:6 Stop worrying [about anything], but in everything [all circumstances], through prayer and entreaty, after thanksgiving [expressing gratitude], let your petitions [desires of your soul] be revealed face-to-face to God.  

 

Philp. 4:7 In fact, that spiritual prosperity [supergrace peace] from God, which surpasses all basic understanding [left lobe thinking], shall guard as a sentinel the mentality of your soul [right lobe thinking] and your motivations [mental attitude] in Christ Jesus.  

 

Philp. 4:8 In addition, brethren [all believers], everything that is true [Bible doctrine], everything that is honorable [law of divine establishment], everything that is just [conforms to God’s norms and standards], everything that is pure [free from evil], everything that is agreeable [relaxed mental attitude], everything that is commendable [good reputation] – if there is any virtue [integrity] and if there is anything worthy of praise [royal family honor code], you yourselves keep on concentrating on [study and reflection] these things [characteristics of the supergrace life],  

 

Philp. 4:9 These things [Bible doctrines and their fruits in your life] which you have both learned [from your pastor-teacher] and accepted [metabolized in the mentality of your soul], both heard [stored in the left lobe of your brain] and understood [placed on the launching pad of the right lobe of your brain for application] by means of me [my teaching]. Keep on executing these things [application of doctrine], and the God of spiritual prosperity shall Himself be with you [supergrace believers who have met the conditions].

 

Philp. 4:10 Now I have received great inner happiness in the Lord, because now your thinking of me has blossomed once again [referring to their 2nd monetary contribution]. Indeed, you had been thinking about it [it wasn’t impulsive giving], but you yourselves [rather than through Epaphroditus] had no opportunity [to show me personally].  

 

Philp. 4:11 Not that I am speaking with reference to poverty, because I have learned to be continually content [self-sufficient in supergrace status by means of the Lord] in whatever [circumstances] I am in.   

 

Philp. 4:12 In fact, I have come to know [as the result of my past recovery from reversionism] how to be humbled [by divine discipline]; I have also come to know [as a result of passing providential preventative suffering and momentum testing] how to live in extreme abundance [supergrace B status]. In every circumstance I have been completely initiated [by continual testing & discipline], both to be satisfied [saturated with Bible doctrine] and to hunger [for more spiritual food which leads to ultra-supergrace], both to have more than enough [doctrine is coming out of his ears] and to be lacking [not yet in ultra-supergrace].   

 

Philp. 4:13 I have the enabling power [delegated divine omnipotence] to attain all things [every stage of spiritual growth] in the sphere of the One [Holy Spirit] Who keeps on pouring the power into me [filling of the Spirit].    

 

Philp. 4:14 In any case, you have performed splendidly [no strings attached] when [by financial contribution] you shared in my affliction [imprisonment].     

 

Philp. 4:15 Now you Philippians, you also know with a certainty, that in the beginning of the gospel [ministry], when I had departed from Macedonia, not a single church [due to lack of maturity] contributed to me with reference to the doctrine of giving and receiving, except only you,     

 

Philp. 4:16 Because even in Thessalonica you sent [an offering, grace gift] for my needs more than once [several times].     

 

Philp. 4:17 Not because I am seeking after a gift [evil motivation], but I make it a practice to seek after the spiritual fruit [interest income: divine good production] which accumulates to your account [accrues to your spiritual balance sheet] as a result of your doctrine [the investment of Bible doctrine in your soul brings great assets into your spiritual balance sheet].     

 

Philp. 4:18 Moreover, I have received in total the all things [monetary & supergrace blessings] and I have more than enough [great abundance with leftovers]; I have been filled up to the point of overflowing in the past and I continue to be overflowing with blessings, having received in person from Epaphroditus the things [financial gifts] from you all, a fragrant odor, an acceptable sacrifice, pleasing to God.     

 

Philp. 4:19 Now my God shall fill up the deficiency for your every need [logistical grace support] according to His wealth [infinite supply of divine investment capital] in glory in Christ Jesus.      

 

Philp. 4:20 Now to God, even our Father, glory from the ages [past dispensations] to the ages [future dispensations]. Acknowledge it.       

 

Philp. 4:21 Salute every saint in Christ Jesus. The brethren [those who didn’t peel-off from Bible doctrine] who are together with me [supergrace spiritual rapport] salute you.        

 

Philp. 4:22 All the saints [other believers in Rome] salute you, especially those from Caesar’s palace [VIPs and slaves].        

 

Philp. 4:23 The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with your [human] spirit.

Resources

 

The Epistle to the Philippians, NIGTC, Peter T. O’Brien, 1991, Eerdmans Publishing

 

Paul’s Epistle to the Philippians, J.B. Lightfoot, 1999, Hendrickson Publishers

 

Philippians, F.F. Bruce, 1983, Good News Commentary

 

Philippians, James M. Boice, 2004, Baker Books

 

Philippians, W.B. Harrison

 

Philippians, G.F. Hawthorne, 1983, Word Bible Commentary

 

Paul’s Letters From Prison, G.B. Caird, 1976, New Clarendon Bible Commentary

 

Philippians, John Calvin, 2003, Baker Books

 

Philippians, Kenneth Wuest, 1973, Eerdmans Publishing

 

The Epistle of Paul to the Philippians, Ralph P. Martin, 1978, Eerdmans Publishing, Tyndale NT Bible Commentaries

 

Philippians, W.R. Nicoll, 2002, Hendrickson Publishing

 

The Epistle of Saint Paul to the Philippians, Jean-Francois Collange, 1979, Epworth Press

 

Interpretation of Philippians, R.C.H. Lenski, 1961, Augsburg Publishing House

 

Philippians & Colossians, Robert Gromacki, 2003, AMG Publishers

 

Philippian Studies, H.C.G. Moule, Fleming H. Revell Company

 

The Joy of Living: A Study of Philippians, J. Dwight Pentecost, 1974, Zondervan Publishing House

 

The Message of Philippians, J.A. Motyer, 1991, Inter-Varsity Press

 

Philippians, Moises Silva, 2005, Baker Academic

 

NIDNTT, J. Goetzmann: Vol. 2, T. Brandt: Vol. 1

 

Philippians, W. Hendricksen, 1962, New Testament Commentary

 

Agape in the New Testament, C. Spicq, 1965

 

Philippians, Joseph S. Exell, B.C. Caffin, D. Thomas, T. Croskery, W.F. Adeney, R.M. Edgar, R. Finlayson, V. Hutton, The Pupit Commentary, 1962, Eerdmans Publishing

 

Theology of the New Testament, Rudolph Bultmann, 1955

 

Paul’s Intercessory Prayers, G.P. Wiles, 1974, Cambridge Press

 

Philippians, F.W. Beare

 

The Sovereignty of Grace, Arthur C. Custance, 1979, Baker Book House

 

Philippians, Matthew Henry, 2001, Hendrickson Publishers

 

The Most Neglected Chapter in the Bible: Romans 9, W.E. Best, 1992, WEBBMT

 

God Centered Evangelism, R.B. Kuiper, 1978, Banner of Truth Trust

 

Eternal Security, Arthur W. Pink, Baker Books

 

Salvation, Lewis S. Chafer, 1981, Zondervan Books

 

Philippians: Thru the Bible, J. Vernon McGee, 1983, Nelson Publishers

 

Commentary on Philippians, John Calvin, 2003, Baker Books

 

The Potter’s Freedom, James R. White, 2000, Calvary Press

 

Still Sovereign, Thomas R. Schreiner & Bruce A. Ware, 2000, Baker Books

 

Reign of the Servant Kings, Joseph Dillow, 1992, Schoettle Publishing

 

Philippians: New International Bible Commentary, H.C. Hewlett, 1979, Zondervan Publishing

 

Regeneration and Conversion, W.E. Best, 1975, WEBBMT

 

Grace, Lewis S. Chafer, 1922, The Sunday School Times Company

 

For Whom Did Christ Die? R.B. Kuiper, 1982, Baker Book House

 

By His Grace and For His Glory, Thomas J. Nettles, 1986, Baker Book House

 

Introduction to New Testament Exegesis, Werner Stenger, 1993, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company

 

The Saviour’s Definite Redemption, W.E. Best, 1982, WEBBMT

 

The Lord’s Freedman, Keith W. Lamb, 1995, Destiny Image Publishers, Inc.

 

Whatever Happened To The Reformation? Gary L.W. Johnson, R. Fowler White, 2001, Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing

 

Philippians: Abingdon Bible Commentary, James A. Robertson, 1957, Doubleday Galilee Books

 

Philippians: Word Pictures in the New Testament, Archibald T. Robertson, 1931, Baker Book House

 

He That Is Spiritual, Lewis S. Chafer, 1967, Zondervan Publishing House

 

Predestination, Gordon H. Clark, 1987, Presbyterian and Reformed Publishers

 

Willing To Believe: The Controversy Over Free Will, R.C. Sproul, 1997, Baker Books

 

The Integrity of God; Christian Suffering; Reversionism; Christian Integrity; The Divine Outline of History, R.B. Thieme, Jr., 1998

 

Gospel and Law: Contrast or Continuum? Daniel P. Fuller, 1980, William B. Eerdmans Publishing

 

Pattern For Maturity, J.Dwight Pentecost, 1966, Moody Press